Quantitative Analysis of Situation Awareness (QASA): modelling and measuring situation awareness using signal detection theory

Edgar, Graham K; Catherwood, Dianne F; Baker, Steven; Sallis, Geoffrey; Bertels, Michael; Edgar, Helen; Nikolla, Dritan; Buckle, Susanna; Goodwin, Charlotte; Whelan, Allana

doi:10.1080/00140139.2017.1420238

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Quantification of SA in previous literature has been done using Quantitative Assessment of Situational Awareness (QASA; Edgar et al, 2018; Nikolla, Edgar, Catherwood, & Matthews, 2018; Stanislaw & Todorov, 1999). QASA involves the collection and analysis of volunteers’ responses to true/false statements using signal-detection theory (SDT) metrics.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Neural Mechanisms of Pretask Resting EEG Alpha Information on Situational Awareness: A Functional Connectivity Approach

2019

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Objective: In this study, the influence of pretask resting neural mechanisms on situational awareness (SA)-task is studied. Background: Pretask electroencephalography (EEG) information and Stroop effect are known to influence task engagement independently. However, neural mechanisms of pretask resting absolute alpha (PRAA) and pretask resting alpha frontal asymmetry (PRAFA) in influencing SA-task which is undergoing Stroop effect is still not understood. Method: The study involved pretask resting EEG measurements from 18 healthy individuals followed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) acquisition during SA-task. To understand the effect of pretask alpha information and Stroop effect on SA, a robust correlation between mean reaction time, SA Index, PRAA, and PRAFA were assessed. Furthermore, neural underpinnings of PRAA, PRAFA in SA-task, and functional connectivity were analyzed through the EEG-informed fMRI approach. Results: Significant robust correlation of reaction time was observed with SA Index (Pearson: r = .50, pcorr = .05) and PRAFA (Pearson: r = .63; pcorr = .01), respectively. Similarly, SA Index significantly correlated with PRAFA (Pearson: r = .56, pcorr = .01; Spearman: r = .61, pcorr = .007), and PRAA (Pearson: r = .59, pcorr = .005; Spearman: r = .59, pcorr = .002). Neural underpinnings of SA-task revealed regions involved in visual-processing and higher-order cognition. PRAA was primarily underpinned at frontal-temporal areas and functionally connected to SA-task regions pertaining to the emotional regulation. PRAFA has correlated with limbic and parietal regions, which are involved in integration of visual, emotion, and memory information of SA-task. Conclusion: The results suggest a strong association of reaction time with SA-task and PRAFA and strongly support the hypothesis that PRAFA, PRAA, and associated neural mechanisms significantly influence the outcome of SA-task. Application: It is beneficial to study the effect of pretask resting information on SA-task to improve SA.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Neural Mechanisms of Pretask Resting EEG Alpha Information on Situational Awareness: A Functional Connectivity Approach

2019

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“…Narrative memory task. We employed the Quantitative Analysis of Situation Awareness (QASA) technique in the creation of the new narrative memory task (Catherwood, Edgar, Sallis, Medley, & Brookes, 2012;Edgar et al, 2018). QASA accounts for the notion that false information may be stored alongside true information (Edgar, Edgar, & Curry, 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Semantic Vigilance Impaired by Narrative Memory Demands? Theory and Applications

et al. 2018

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Objective: Two verbal tasks were utilized in a dual-task paradigm to explore performance theories and prior dual-tasking results. Background: Both the decline in vigilance performance over time, or vigilance decrement, and limited dual-tasking ability may be explained by limited mental resources. Resource theorists would recommend removing task demands to avoid cognitive overload, while mindlessness theorists may recommend adding engaging task demands to prevent boredom. Prior research demonstrated interference between a verbal free recall and semantic vigilance task, but exploring tasks with greater ecological validity is necessary. Method: A narrative memory task and semantic vigilance task were performed individually and simultaneously. Relative performance impairments were compared to a previous dual-task pairing. Results: The semantic vigilance task caused performance degradation to the narrative memory task and vice versa. A vigilance decrement was not observed, and the interference was to a lesser extent than when the semantic vigilance task was paired with a free recall task. Conclusion: Resource theory was supported, though passive learning effects during a semantic vigilance task with novel stimuli may prevent a vigilance decrement. The interference was less than that of a previous similar dual-task pairing, but even tasks as routine as listening to a conversation or story can impair other task performance. Application: A better understanding of resource theory and dual-task performance outcomes can help inform feasible task loads and improve efficiency and safety of operators in high-risk and other professions.

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“…The theory of SA is the foundation for a large number of studies on dynamic human decision-making in several domains [e.g. 16,[17][18][19]. With evolving technology support humans are able to act more effectively in decision-making when operating in dynamic systems [20].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Audio-Logs for Analyzing the Development of a Common Operational Picture in Multi-agency Emergency Response

Steen-Tveit

Radianti

Munkvold

2020

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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Multi-agency emergency response requires effective communication and collaboration for building and maintaining a common operational picture. Full-scale exercises are shown to be effective for learning, and for training the collaborative skills needed. This paper presents a methodology for the analysis of real-time communication for building the common operational picture, using audio-logs. The analysis of the audio-logs provides insights for both practitioners and researchers in the emergency management domain concerning the dynamics of inter-agency collaboration and information exchanges when responding to emergencies. Coding and categorizing of audio-log-based information exchanges among multi-agency stakeholders were applied based on a full-scale emergency exercise on multiple terror actions. The results show that the methodology can contribute to analyzing the development of a common operational picture, supplementing existing methods for evaluation of fullscale emergency exercises and real events.

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Quantitative Analysis of Situation Awareness (QASA): modelling and measuring situation awareness using signal detection theory

Cited by 15 publications

References 92 publications

Effects of Neural Mechanisms of Pretask Resting EEG Alpha Information on Situational Awareness: A Functional Connectivity Approach

Effects of Neural Mechanisms of Pretask Resting EEG Alpha Information on Situational Awareness: A Functional Connectivity Approach

Is Semantic Vigilance Impaired by Narrative Memory Demands? Theory and Applications

Using Audio-Logs for Analyzing the Development of a Common Operational Picture in Multi-agency Emergency Response

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