Quantitative Analysis of Ethnobotany and Common Remedies Associated With the Threatened Flora of Gujranwala Region, Punjab, Pakistan

Iqbal, Muhammad Sajjad; Dar, Umair; Akbar, Muhammad Faheem; Khalil, T.; Arshad, Noshia; Hussain, Syed Atiq; Munir, Saba; Ali, Muhammad

doi:10.15666/aeer/1806_79537979

Cited by 6 publications

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“…The plants were pressed and treated with 1% HgCl 2 solution and then mounted on herbarium sheets in the Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan. Collected species were recognised and compared to the Flora of Pakistan as well as existing literature, while complex specimens were confirmed with the Quaid-i-Azam University collection in Islamabad, Pakistan [ 17 ]. During field surveys, identification was based on native plant names and the assistance of local informants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Head Maralla is most likely located in the Himalayan foothills as a wildlife hotspot. Ethnobotanical information is a treasure that is not just found in rural regions, but also in metropolitan areas since it is safer, less expensive, and has fewer negative effects [ 17 ]. About 400 plant species are utilised widely in traditional remedies, according to the National Institute of Health (NIH) and around 900 single medicines and 500 compound formulations are recognised in Pakistan’s Tibbi Pharmacopoeia [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An ethnobotanical study of wetland flora of Head Maralla Punjab Pakistan

et al. 2021

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Background Wetlands are biologically diverse and highly productive ecosystems that support one-third of all threatened and endangered plants of the world. Wetland plants have been studied ethnobotanically much less than terrestrial plants, including in Pakistan, thus information about the uses of local wetland plants in traditional healthcare system is scare. Head Maralla is a non-recognized wetland with diversified flora that has been focused of the current study. Methods The ethnobotanical data were collected from four sites viz., River Tavi, Upstream Chenab, River Manawarwala Tavi, and Bhalolpur through questionnaire and interviews during field trips. Quantitative indices including informant consensus factor (ICF), cultural significant indext (CSI), relative frequency of citation (RFC), and use value (UV) were used to analyze the data. Results On the whole, 119 plant species were identified belonging to 54 families, of which 87 species were dicot, 12 monocots, 11 aquatic, 5 ferns, and 4 species were bryophytes. Of these, 50% of the plant species were utilized for therapeutic purposes, followed by leaves which had more than 20% usage of total consumption. Herbs were the primary source of medicine (73 spp) followed by trees (22 spp), weeds (11 spp), shrubs (9 spp), foliose (2 spp) and thaloids (2 spp) in the area. Fic ranged from 0.66 to 0.93 for constipation and respiratory disorders with an average Fic of 0.87 reflecting a high consensus among the informants about the use of plants to treat particular ailment. Major ailments viz., urination (14%), cough (8.40%), cold (6.70%), stomach (5.90%), asthma (5.90%), skin infection (5%), constipation (5%), and diarrhea (4%) etc., were treated with local plant recipes. The highest CSI value was found for A. vesica (7.55) widely used in respiratory disorders and in digestive problems. RFC ranged from 0.92 to 0.15 with the maximum value obtained for R. communis (0.95). The use values ranged from 0.03 to 0.90 with the maximum use value for R. communis (0.90). A positive correlation was found between CSI and RFC (r = 0.29), and CSI and UV (r = 0.29). The JI values ranged from 7.14 to 0.14 indicating strong affinity with Samahani valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Unique species Osmunda regalis was first time reported from Pakistan with novel uses for renal and blood purifier. Fifteen percent (15%) plants contribute as fodder species consumed by local community for livestock while almost 6.7% species were utilized for timber and fuel purposes. Conclusion The ecosystem of Head Maralla provide a complex habitat for aqauatic, terrestrial, and agriculture wetland vegetation. It is suggested that conservation efforts should be made to conserve the ethnoecological knowledge of these areas and pharmacological studies should be conducted for noval drug synthesis in future.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ethnobotanical study of wetland flora of Head Maralla Punjab Pakistan

et al. 2021

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“…Deforestation along obscured vegetation caused ecological disruption, change in soil structure due to physical weathering, and rock denudation, ultimately become reason in floods and disrupted the structure of entire natural flora [10]. This threat is particularly predominant in places where significant population and density exists, consequently it derives an increase in resource demand, and eventually appears as exploitation of available natural resources viz., overgrazing, deforestation and overexploitation [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant species diversity assessment and monitoring in catchment areas of River Chenab, Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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Background Biodiversity data is crucial for sustainable development and making decisions regarding natural resources and its conservation. The study goal was to use quantitative ecological approaches to determine the species richness and diversity of wild flora and the ultimate impact of environmental factors on vegetation dynamics. Methods Quadrats having sizes of 1×1 for herbs, 5×5 for shrubs, and 10×10 m2 for trees were used. Various phytosociological characteristics were investigated in association with a wide variety of environmental variables. Soil analysis based on texture, moisture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), available potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) were examined. The existing state of vegetation along the River Chenab was assessed using SWOT analysis and a future conservation strategy was devised. Results One hundred twenty different plant speies were divided into 51 families including 92 dicots, 17 monocots, 6 pteridophytes and 1 bryophyte species. Herbs accounted for 89 followed by shrubs (16 species) and trees (15 species). Correlation analysis revealed a highly positive correlation between relative density and relative frequency (0.956**). Shannon and Simpson’s diversity indices elaborated that site 3 and 7 with clay loamy soil had non-significant alpha diversity and varies from site to site. Diversity analysis showed that site 10 was most diverse (22.25) in terms of species richness. The principal coordinate analysis expressed that different environmental variables including OM, soil pH, P, K, and EC affect vegetation significantly, therefore, loamy soil showed presence and dispersal of more vegetation as compared to loam, sandy and sandy loam soils. Further, 170 ppm of available potassium had significant affect on plant diversity and distribution. Conclusion Asteraceae family was found dominant as dicot while poaceae among monocot. Adhatoda vasica was one of the unique species and found in Head Maralla site. For evenness, site 3 had maximum value 0.971. Most of the soil represented loamy soil texture where site 2 and 4 possess high soil moisture content. SWOT analysis revealed strengths as people prefered plants for medicine, food and economic purposes. In weakness, agricultural practices, soil erosion and flooding affected the vegetation. In opportunities, Forest and Irrigation Departments were planting plants for the restoration of ecosystem. Threats include anthropogenic activities overgrazing, urbanization and road infrastructure at Head Maralla, habitat fragmentation at Head Khanki, and extensive fish farming at Head Qadirabad. Future conservation efforts should be concentrated on SWOT analysis outcome in terms of stopping illegal consumption of natural resources, restoration of plant biodiversity through reforestation, designating protected areas and multiplying rare species locally.

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“…Recently, this plant's stems and leaves were used against diabetes in the South-West of Pakistan [ 77 ]. In 2020, the population of the Gujranwala region, Punjab (Pakistan) used the leaves and flowers as extract preparation mode to treat severe pains [ 68 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Uses, Bioactive Compounds, and Pharmacological Investigations of Calendula arvensis L.: A Comprehensive Review

Khouchlaa¹,

Baaboua

Moudden

et al. 2023

Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Calendula arvensis L. (Asteraceae) is a famous ornamental and medicinal plant widely distributed in Mediterranean countries and the southern region of Europe. This reputed species is widely used in traditional medicine in the treatment of many disorders and has various bioactivities, especially anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. The present review was conducted to provide a critical review of the comprehensive and current knowledge regarding C. arvensis species, in particular, its taxonomy and geographical distribution, botanical description, medicinal uses, phytochemical compounds, pharmacological properties, and toxicity investigations. The data collected on C. arvensis were obtained using different scientific research databases such as PubMed, SciFinder, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Wiley Online, and Scopus. Phytochemical screening of different C. arvensis extracts and essential oils showed their richness in bioactive compounds, particularly in fatty acids, sterols, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoid compounds. The findings of this review showed that the pharmacological activities of C. arvensis confirm its importance and diversity as a traditional remedy for many diseases. This plant presents a wide range of bioactivities, namely, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitrypanosomial, antitumoral, antimutagenic, and immunomodulatory activities, as well as hemolytic properties and wound treatment. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetic validation and toxicological examinations are required to detect any possible toxicity for future clinical trials.

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Quantitative Analysis of Ethnobotany and Common Remedies Associated With the Threatened Flora of Gujranwala Region, Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

An ethnobotanical study of wetland flora of Head Maralla Punjab Pakistan

An ethnobotanical study of wetland flora of Head Maralla Punjab Pakistan

Plant species diversity assessment and monitoring in catchment areas of River Chenab, Punjab, Pakistan

Traditional Uses, Bioactive Compounds, and Pharmacological Investigations of Calendula arvensis L.: A Comprehensive Review

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