Quantitative Analysis of Copper Element in Pig Feed Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Combined with CARS Algorithm

A novel strategy for quantitative analysis of the energy value of milk powdervialaser-induced breakdown spectroscopy coupled with machine learning and a genetic algorithm

“…Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) is a variable selection method, that simulates Darwin's principle of ‘survival of the fittest’, regarding each wavelength variable as an independent individual and selecting the optimal wavelength variable primarily according to the root-mean-standard error for cross-validation (RMSECV) minimum principle. 31,32…”

“…Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) is a variable selection method, that simulates Darwin's principle of 'survival of the ttest', regarding each wavelength variable as an independent individual and selecting the optimal wavelength variable primarily according to the root-mean-standard error for cross-validation (RMSECV) minimum principle. 31,32 The number of samplings (N) of CARS must be set in advance. In each sampling process, the absolute weight of the regression coefficients in the PLS model can be described as:…”