Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds In Extract and Fraction of Star Fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) Leaves Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Yunarto, Nanang; Sulistyaningrum, Novi

doi:10.22435/jki.v7i1.5605.26-33

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Apigenin, GA, epicatechin, proanthocyanidines, carambolaflavone, and other active phytochemicals have been reported in A. carambola and shown to be responsible for its antioxidant activity ( Aladaileh et al, 2019 ; Luan et al, 2021 ). We have previously reported that apigenin is the main constituent in MEACL ( Aladaileh et al, 2019 ) and the study of Yunarto and Sulistyaningrum (2017) revealed that the EA fraction has the highest content of apigenin. The antioxidant activity and other beneficial effects of apigenin have been reported in several studies (reviewed in ( Salehi et al, 2019 )).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia

et al. 2023

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Background: The star fruit [Averrhoa carambola L (Oxalidaceae)] is traditionally used in the treatment of many ailments in many countries. It possesses several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it contains the neurotoxic caramboxin and its high content of oxalic acid limits its consumption by individuals with compromised kidney function. This study assessed the anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of different fractions of the methanolic extract of A. carambola leaves (MEACL).Methods: The antioxidant activity was investigated using FRAP, and ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging assays and the inhibitory activity toward pancreatic lipase (PL) and HMG-CoA reductase was assayed in vitro. Acute hyperlipidemia was induced by poloxamer-407 (P-407) in rats and different fractions of MEACL (n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol, ethyl acetate (EA), water, and chloroform) were orally administered. Cholesterol and triglycerides were determined at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h and LDL-C, vLDL-C, HDL-C, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidants were assayed after 48 h. The expression of ABCA1, ABCG5, ABCG8, LDL-R, SREBP-1, and SREBP-2 and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase were assayed in the liver of P-407-administered rats treated with the EA fraction.Results: The in vitro data revealed potent radical-scavenging activities of MEACL fractions with the most potent effect showed by the EA fraction that also suppressed the activities of HMG-CoA reductase and PL. In P-407-induced hyperlipidemic rats, all fractions prevented dyslipidemia as shown by the decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, vLDL-C and atherogenic index. MEACL and its fractions prevented LPO and boosted GSH, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in P-407-administered rats. The EA fraction showed more effective anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects than other fractions and downregulated SREBP-2 while upregulated ABCA1 and LDL-R and ameliorated LPL and HMG-CoA reductase in hyperlipidemic rats.Conclusion: MEACL showed in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity and the EA fraction significantly ameliorated dyslipidemia in a rat model of P-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia by modulating LPL, PL, HMG-CoA reductase, and cholesterolgenesis-related factors. Therefore, the leaves of A. carambola represent a safe alternative for the star fruit particularly in kidney disease patients, and the EA is the most effective anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant fraction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia

et al. 2023

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“…The examples of flavonoid derivatives are flavones (e.g., apigenin, luteolin), isoflavones, flavonols (e.g., kaempherol, quercetin), flavan-3-ols (catechin, epicatechin gallate), flavanon-3-ols, flavonones, and chalcones (Cushnie and Lamb, 2005). It has been known that the highest apigenin and quercetin levels are present in the ethyl acetate fraction of A. carambola leaves (Yunarto and Sulistyaningrum, 2017). Besides its antibacterial activity, apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a naturally occurring phytochemical, which are also recognized as an antioxidant (Salehi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Averrhoa carambola leaf from Depok, West Java, Indonesia: Phytochemistry characterization and prospective anti-candidiasis activity

Irianti¹,

Elya²,

Rahmasari³

et al. 2022

J App Pharm Sci

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Candida albicans is a commensal microorganism that can be pathogenic in immunocompromised patients. Eradication of candidiasis is complicated by the resistance of the existing antifungal agents. Therefore, novel antifungal drug discovery is required for the efficient management of candida infections. The invention of antifungal from natural products has been stimulated by the increasing prevalence of drug resistance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antifungal activities of Averrhoa carambola leaves, an Indonesian native plant. The antifungal activity was evaluated by conducting crystal violet (CV) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to determine IC 50 values. From the initial screening, the ethyl acetate fraction of A. carambola leaves showed inhibition against C. albicans growth. According to the microscopic observations, trichome was presented in both the upper and lower sides of the A. carambola leaves. The CV assay result confirms that C. albicans cells supplemented by the extract grew lower than the untreated cells by reaching more than 60% cell reduction compared to control. The MTT assay was carried out to assess the inhibitory effect on the cell viability (IC 50 = 24 µg/ml). The thin layer chromatography results showed flavonoid and steroid contents in A. carambola leaves. The presence of flavonoid and steroid was subsequently confirmed by using liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry which showed two compounds, namely pinocembrin-7-neohesperidoside and spinasterol. This preliminary study indicated that A. carambola leaves are potential for anti-candidiasis drug development.

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“…The non-specific parameters of the simplicia consist of the total drying losses, which indicate the maximum limits of the amounts of compounds lost during drying processes. Compounds that could be lost after heating at 105°C include water and volatile compounds such as essential oils [8,12]. The total ash content indicates the internal and external mineral content in simplicia, if the value of the total ash content is high, there are minerals in the simplicia [8,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific and Non-Specific Parameters of Simplicia and Ethanolic Extract of Prasman Leaves (Ayapana Triplinervis)

2020

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Objective: Ayapana triplinervis (Vahl) R.M.King and H. Rob. leaves can be applied as a diuretic and as an antioxidant. Based on its medicinal properties,A. triplinervis can be used as traditional medicine. Therefore, its quality and safety should be guaranteed, which could be verified based on theoutcomes of standardization processes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate some specific and non-specific parameters of simplicia and 70%ethanolic extracts of A. triplinervis leaves from three regions in Indonesia.Methods: The samples were macerated using 70% ethanol.Results: With regard to the specific parameters of A. triplinervis simplicia, the total water-soluble extract was 18.69–29.30%, the total ethanol-solubleextract was 7.73–11.78%, and the total flavonoid content was 3.31–4.10, expressed as mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g simplicia. With regard to the nonspecificparameters, the total drying losses were 13.61–14.55%, the total ash content was 11.54–11.83%, and the total acid insoluble ash content was1.90–2.66%. In the extracts, the total flavonoid content was 14.94–22.41 expressed as mg RE/g extract, while for the non-specific parameters, the totalwater content was 11.07–12.66%, the total ash content was 10.55–10.89%, and the total acid insoluble ash content was 0.25–0.32%.Conclusion: The parameters identified could be used to determine the safety and stability of extracts and simplicial before administration to treatvarious ailments.

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Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds In Extract and Fraction of Star Fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) Leaves Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia

Averrhoa carambola leaves prevent dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in a rat model of poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia

Averrhoa carambola leaf from Depok, West Java, Indonesia: Phytochemistry characterization and prospective anti-candidiasis activity

Specific and Non-Specific Parameters of Simplicia and Ethanolic Extract of Prasman Leaves (Ayapana Triplinervis)

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