“…Various systems adapted to bioanalytical applications, where small volume samples are usually considered, were developed: flow-through potentiometric sensor array , planar integrated sensor array (Ciosek and Kraszewska, 2009), flowthrough microsystem with integrated sensor array (Witkowska Nery et al, 2014). They were used in various modes of measuremetns: batch (Ciosek and Wróblewski, 2011;Wesoły et al, 2017), flow-through (Kutyla-Olesiuk et al, 2013b, Witkowska Nery et al, 2014, flow injection and sequential injection (Wesoły et al, 2016) analysis. It was shown, that the developed electronic tongues were capable of effective classification of samples, as well as semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis.…”