Quantitative analysis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in rice

Abstract

A relatively simple practical method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of 2-acetyl-lpyrroline in rice samples. The rice analysis method uses a steam distillation continuous-extraction isolation procedure with an acid-phase solvent extraction. This is followed by regeneration of the basic volatiles and capillary or packed column gas chromatography analysis. Testing of the method, with a bland rice variety containing known added concentrations of 2-acetyl-l-pyrroline, showed that the method was sufficiently accurate for the purpose.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline and volatile components from pandan leaves

“…Correlating peak areas with concentrations was performed by means of a standard calibration curve obtained between 10 and 200 ng/injection. To minimize errors occurring when accurate weights or volumes of samples were required, an external standard methods, as reported in previous studies by other researchers, 10,11 was used, with 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (TMP) (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) as the external in quantitative analysis of ACPY.…”

Quantification of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in rice by stable isotope dilution assay through headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), (E,E)-deca-2,4-dienal, (E,Z)-deca-2,4-dienal, hexanal, 4-vinylphenol, 2-aminoacetophenone were reported to be major contributors of scented rice aroma, but 2AP being the key flavor compound [1][2][3][4][5]. Several dozens or hundred ppb of 2AP were found in scented rice cultivars [6][7][8][9] while no or quite low levels, less than 10 ppb, are detected in non-scented ones [9,24].…”

“…For analytical purposes different procedures were applied to recover 2AP from rice such as steam distillation continuous extraction [1,[18][19][20], steam distillation under reduced pressure [6], solvent extraction [7,21], acid and basic phase solvent extraction [1,6,22], static headspace sampling [23], dynamic headspace [8], and SPME [24,25]. By comparison with other conventional procedures, SPME presents advantages due to its simplicity, rapidity and non-requirement for solvent.…”

Quantification of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline and Other Rice Aroma Volatiles Among Indian Scented Rice Cultivars by HS-SPME/GC-FID

“…purge and trap (Buttery et al 1988), simultaneous steam distillationsolvent extraction (Buttery et al 1986;Lin et al 1990;Petrov et al 1996;Widjaja et al 1996;Tava and Bocchi 1999;Mahatheeranont et al 2001), micro steam distillation-solvent extraction (Tanchotikul and Hsieh 1991), direct solvent extraction (Mahatheeranont et al 2001;Bergman et al 2000;Itani et al 2004;Yoshihashi 2002) coupled with analytical methods were employed for extraction and quantification of 2AP. These methods apart from being time consuming require organic solvents and considerably affect the quality and quantity of extracted aroma volatiles (Stashenko and Martínez 2007;Sriseadka et al 2006).…”