Quantitation of Nonextractable Anthropogenic Quantitation of Nonextractable Anthropogenic Sediments after Chemical Degradation

Abstract

Four highly contaminated sediment samples obtained from three sampling locations of the Teltow Canal, Berlin, were investigated by quantitation of extractable and nonextractable organic contaminants. The selection of the anthropogenic contaminants (including chlorinated and brominated naphthalenes, 2, 4, 6‐tribromoaniline, phthalates, tri‐n‐butylphosphate, 2, 2, 4‐trimethyl‐1, 3‐pentanediol diisobutyrate, bisphenol A, butylated nitrophenols, 4‐nitrobenzoic acid, galaxolide, and tonalide) based on the results of extended GC‐MS screening analyses applied to the extracts of the sediment samples as well as to the extracts derived from selective chemical degradation procedures. In detail, alkaline hydrolyses, BBr3‐treatment and RuO4‐oxidation were applied to the pre‐extracted sediment samples in both a separate and a sequential mode.

Nonextractable Residues, an Analytical Iceberg, Contribute Significantly to the Pool of Halogenated Organic Chemicals in Soils across Various Regions

“…Some HOC, detected exclusively as EF in this study, might also exist as NER. In certain cases, harsher chemical treatments, namely, BBr 3 treatment and RuO 4 oxidation as detailed in our previous works, might reveal these compounds. ,,,, However, the hydrolyzable NER-HOC has a higher potential for remobilization compared to other NER-HOC fractions. , This study aims to offer insights into assessing HOC risk focusing on these hydrolyzable NER fraction. Given that alkaline hydrolysis is considerably easier to perform compared with the other two chemical degradation steps, we aim to encourage broader application of this approach in field sample monitoring.…”

“…In certain cases, harsher chemical treatments, namely, BBr 3 treatment and RuO 4 oxidation as detailed in our previous works, might reveal these compounds. 23,25,27,29,37 However, the hydrolyzable NER-HOC has a higher potential for remobilization compared to other NER-HOC fractions. 18,38 This study aims to offer insights into assessing HOC risk focusing on these hydrolyzable NER fraction.…”

Formation and Fate of Point-Source Nonextractable DDT-Related Compounds on Their Environmental Aquatic-Terrestrial Pathway

“…The formation potential and bioavailability of nonextractable DDT in soil have been investigated for decades, and the 14 C-labeling was the mainstream approach. − With this approach it was proved that NER-DDT and NER-DDE are formed in soil under different matrix conditions, can be released to a low extent and are potentially bioavailable for plants. Sequential chemical degradation has been applied since 2003 to release sedimentary bound DDXs, and a variety of DDT metabolites have been detectable as NER. − More recently, pyrolysis and thermochemolysis have been conducted to obtain further DDT derivatives . Covalent linkage of DDA (dichlorodiphenylacetic acid) to soil and sediment, which forms NER-DDA was proved by Kalathoor et al in 2015 .…”