Quantitation of house dust mite allergens (Der f 1 and group 2) on the skin and hair of dogs

Randall, Amy; Hillier, Andrew; Cole, Lynette K.; Kwochka, Kenneth W.; Needham, Glen R.; Wassom, Donald L.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.143

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Most dogs in the CCAAPS homes were allowed to go out, and could carry outdoor allergens indoors on their feet and fur. Though we did not show that the number of family members was associated with higher Alternaria antigen level, others have shown the transport of cat and house dust mite allergens in human clothing and hair (Almqvist et al, 1999;Randall et al, 2005;Jackson et al, 2005;Karlsson and Renström, 2005). Salo et al (2005) also found a positive association between Alternaria antigen concentration and the presence of dogs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

The effect of home characteristics on dust antigen concentrations and loads in homes

Cho

Reponen

Bernstein

et al. 2006

Science of The Total Environment

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On-site home visits, consisting of a home inspection, dust sampling, and questionnaires were conducted in 777 homes belonging to an ongoing birth cohort study in Cincinnati, Ohio. Various home characteristics were investigated, and antigen levels (concentrations [μg/g] and loadings [μg/ m 2 ]; IU for cockroach allergen) in floor dust samples collected in child's primary activity room were analyzed by ELISA. Monoclonal antibodies were used for the analysis of cat, house dust mite, and cockroach allergens, and polyclonal antibodies for Alternaria and dog antigens. The relationship between the antigen levels and home characteristics was investigated through a generalized multiple regression model.More than half of the homes experienced mold/water damage. Cats and dogs were present in 19.7% and 31.1% of homes, respectively. More than 90% of homes had either carpet or area rug covering their floors. Among 777 homes, 87-92% of homes had measurable amount of Alternaria, cat, and dog allergen/antigen in house dust, whereas only 38% and 14% of homes had measurable levels of house dust mite and cockroach, respectively.Alternaria antigen level in house dust was not associated with visual mold/water damage, which was suspected to be one of the sources for this antigen in homes. Instead, the antigen level was high in samples taken in fall and in homes having dogs implicating that Alternaria antigen appears to be transported from outdoors to indoors. A high level was also measured in homes using a dehumidifier (these homes have experienced excessive humidity) and in-home venting of clothes dryer, which might be associated with microclimate affecting mold growth and spore release. The allergen/antigen level (both concentration and loading) of cat, dog and cockroach was significantly associated with the number of cats and dogs, or the appearance of cockroaches, respectively. High level of house dust mite allergen was measured in bedrooms and in homes using dehumidifier and no central forced air heating system. Having indoor plants was shown to reduce allergen levels. Carpeted floor was found to hold larger amount of antigens than non-carpeted floor.Antigen loading demonstrated more consistent and larger numbers of associations with home characteristics compared to antigen concentration. This study encompassed a wide range of home characteristics and various antigen types. Our findings provide information on home characteristics that can be used for allergen avoidance and in planning future exposure assessment studies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

The effect of home characteristics on dust antigen concentrations and loads in homes

Cho

Reponen

Bernstein

et al. 2006

Science of The Total Environment

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“…to collect the dust samples between the first week of September and the first week of October, as this has been shown to be the time of year with the highest prevalence of HDM at this location 7,34 . The 150 dust samples were collected using a standard technique [11][12][13][21][22][23][24] . Briefly, only the areas identified by the owners as above were sampled.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have investigated the biology, ecology and allergenic potential of HDMAs in humans and dogs. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] These have informed strategies for allergen avoidance, environmental control and specific immunotherapy used in the management of canine and human AD. The most common HDM species associated with human and canine AD are Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,22,[27][28][29] Recently, similar studies have revealed that there is a comparable pattern of exposure in dogs. [10][11][12][13]22,29,30 The purpose of this study was to determine whether the sleeping ⁄ resting areas preferred by cats are likely sites for exposure to HDMAs, and if there were any household factors that could be associated with increased or decreased levels of Der f 1, Der f 2, Der p 1 and Der p 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Group 1 and 2Dermatophagoideshouse dust mite allergens in the microenvironment of cats

Loft

Rosser

2010

Veterinary Dermatology

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House dust mite allergens (HDMAs) are some of the most common allergens associated with allergic diseases in humans and dogs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether HDMAs could be detected in cat-associated household microenvironments. From 50 cat-only households with 95 cats, dust samples were collected by vacuuming for 2 min m(-2) from three areas where cats slept or rested regularly from September to October 2006. Relative humidity and temperature were measured in each household using a data logger. Each owner completed a questionnaire on potential factors that might influence the prevalence of house dust mites (HDMs). Dust samples were analysed utilizing an ELISA for Der p 1, Der f 1 and HDM group 2 allergens. In 38 of 50 households there was greater than 2 microg g(-1) of dust for at least one HDMA. Using stepwise logistic regression, factors associated with increased HDMA levels included: free-standing houses, number of humans in household, longhaired cats and age of the cat. Factors associated with decreased HDMA concentrations included: forced air heating and central air conditioning, less than 50% carpeting of the home, use of flea control, cats suffering from dermatological disease and the average temperature of the household. Many sleeping/resting areas utilized by cats contain sufficiently high levels of HDMAs to be potential sources of sensitization. This finding should lead to further determination of the role of HDMs in cats suffering from putative allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis or asthma.

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“…Centrally heated, well-insulated homes with pets means that allergenic material related to HDM and cats and dogs is common (1,2). Estimates from the Pet Food Manufacturers Association are that approximately 20 % of UK households keep dogs or cats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of house dust mite allergen in cars / Razine alergena prašinskih grinja u automobilima

Mason

Smith

Anua

et al. 2015

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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This small study investigated house dust mite (HDM) allergen levels in cars and their owners' homes in north-east Scotland. Dust samples from twelve households and cars were collected in a standardised manner. The dust samples were extracted and measured for the Dermatophagoides group 2 allergens (Der p 2 and Der f 2) and total soluble protein. Allergen levels at homes tended to be higher than in the cars, but not significantly. However, they significantly correlated with paired car dust samples expressed either per unit weight of dust or soluble protein (rho=0.657; p=0. 02 and 0.769; p=0.003, respectively). This points to house-to-car allergen transfer, with the car allergen levels largely reflecting levels in the owner's home. Car HDM allergen levels were lower than those reported in Brazil and the USA. Twenty-five percent of the houses and none of the cars had allergen levels in dust greater than 2000 ng g -1 . This value is often quoted as a threshold for the risk of sensitisation, although a number of studies report increased risk of sensitisation at lower levels. This small study does not allow for characterisation of the distribution of HDM allergen in vehicles in this geographic area, or of the likely levels in other warmer and more humid areas of the UK. Cars and other vehicles are an under-investigated micro-environment for exposure to allergenic material.

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Quantitation of house dust mite allergens (Der f 1 and group 2) on the skin and hair of dogs

Abstract: Associations exist between environmental HDM allergen concentrations and HDM allergens on the skin and hair samples of dogs. Environmental allergen load is a major factor in accumulation of allergens on the skin and hair of dogs.

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

The effect of home characteristics on dust antigen concentrations and loads in homes

The effect of home characteristics on dust antigen concentrations and loads in homes

Group 1 and 2Dermatophagoideshouse dust mite allergens in the microenvironment of cats

Levels of house dust mite allergen in cars / Razine alergena prašinskih grinja u automobilima

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