Quantification of ytterbium in road dust applying slurry sampling and detection by high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

An environmentally friendly approach for the characterization of construction materials: determination of trace, minor, and major elements by slurry sampling high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

“…Dispersing media reported for metal determination by slurry sampling GFAAS usually consist of compounds with surfactant properties with the addition of an acid, mainly HNO 3 solutions due to its high purity and lack of interferences. 12,13,[16][17][18][19] This combination of reagents prevents the agglomeration and sedimentation of the solid particles by forming repulsive layers around them and/ or produces a partial dissolution of the solid sample and the extraction of metals. In general, the amount of metal extracted from the solid sample increases as the concentration of HNO 3 in the dispersing medium increases, but for too high acid concentrations, a faster deterioration of the graphite tube used for GFAAS measurement can also be observed.…”

“…[12][13][14][15][16] GFAAS methods for the direct analysis of solid samples have undergone signicant development since the arrival of highresolution continuum source AA spectrometers (HR-CS AAS) due to the higher background correction capability of these instruments. [17][18][19] Using these spectrometers, the main or secondary absorption lines and the wings of the absorption lines can be selected for the analytical measurements, and therefore the sensitivity for each element can be adjusted to the expected concentration level in the sample. [20][21][22] The main drawback of direct solid sampling GFAAS methods is the greater imprecision compared to GFAAS methods with liquid sample introduction due to the intrinsic inhomogeneity of solid samples and the small amount of sample introduced into the graphite tube for the analysis.…”

Atomic spectrometry update – a review of advances in environmental analysis

“…500 mg kg −1 Pb, extractant efficiency was 55% for 0.11 M acetic acid, 58% for 1 M MgCl 2 , 61% for 0.1 M NH 2 OH·HCl, 93% for 0.1 M citric acid and 96% for 0.1 M HCl. Analysis time was under 5 h. A slurry sampling procedure followed by HR-CS-ETAAS analysis, proposed for the determination of Yb in road dust samples, involved 127 ultrasonic homogenisation for 34 min with 0.24 M HNO 3 . The analysis of NIST SRM 2586 (trace elements in soil containing lead from paint), NCS DC 73301 (rock) and CCRMP TILL-1 (geochemical soil) using pyrolysis and atomisation temperatures of 1200 °C and 2700 °C, respectively, gave accuracies of 99 ± 4 to 104 ± 2%.…”

“…Interest in the use of HR-CS-ETAAS and its variant HR-CS-ETMAS continued. An optimised method for the quantification of Yb in road dust involved 127 sonication of the sample in 0.24 M HNO 3 for 34 min, injection of 20 μL of slurry into a graphite furnace pre-conditioned with 250 μg of W permanent chemical modifier, pyrolysis at 1200 °C and atomisation at 2700 °C. The LOD was 22 ng g −1 and results for analyses of three CRMs were not significantly different from the certified values according to a Student’s t -test at 95% CI.…”

“…Interest in the use of HR-CS-ETAAS and its variant HR-CS-ETMAS continued. An optimised method for the quantication of Yb in road dust involved 127 sonication of the sample in 0.24 M HNO 3 for 34 min, injection of 20 mL of slurry into a graphite furnace pre-conditioned with 250 mg of W permanent chemical modier, pyrolysis at 1200 C and atomisation at 2700 C. The LOD was 22 ng g À1 and results for analyses of three CRMs were not signicantly different from the certied values according to a Student's t-test at 95% CI. Germanium could be measured 135 directly in 0.1-0.2 mg solid plant and soil samples by using a mixed-matrix modier (0.1% w/w Mg(NO 3 ) 2 + 0.2% w/w Pd(NO 3 ) 2 + 0.1% Triton X-100) and pyrolysis and atomisation temperatures of 1500 and 2550 C, respectively.…”