Quantification of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) mRNA expression in mouse preimplantation embryos and determination of TGFbeta receptor (type I and type II) expression in mouse embryos and reproductive tract

Chow, Judy F.C.; Lee, Ckf; Chan, Siu‐Lung; Yeung, William S.B.

doi:10.1093/molehr/7.11.1047

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Furthermore, TGF-␤ is secreted by extraembryonic tissues and also is expressed in early embryos at the stage of blastocysts in vivo. 22 As the interaction between the extraembryonic cell types and the primitive ectoderm, from which ES cells are derived, plays an integral role in mammalian embryonic development, 23 TGF-␤ from the extraembryonic tissues might be involved in mesodermal induction in vivo. However, as mouse ES cells are shown to irreversibly commit to an epiblast lineage and rarely spontaneously differentiate into trophectoderm and primitive endoderm derivatives, 23,24 autocrine Nodal and Cripto play an essential role in mesodermal induction in in vitro ES cell differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stage-Specific Role of Endogenous Smad2 Activation in Cardiomyogenesis of Embryonic Stem Cells

Kitamura

Takahashi

Nakajima

et al. 2007

Circulation Research

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Abstract-The role of Smads and their specific ligands during cardiomyogenesis in ES cells was examined. Smad2 was activated bimodally in the early and late phases of cardiac differentiation, whereas Smad1 was activated after the middle phase. Nodal and Cripto were expressed in the early stage and then downregulated, whereas transforming growth factor-␤ and activin were expressed only in the late phase. Suppression of early Smad2 activation by SB-431542 produced complete inhibition of endodermal and mesodermal induction but augmented neuroectodermal differentiation, followed by poor cardiomyogenesis, whereas inhibition during the late phase alone promoted cardiomyogenesis. Inhibitory effect of Smad2 on cardiomyogenesis in the late phase was mainly mediated by transforming growth factor-␤, and inhibition of transforming growth factor-␤-mediated Smad2 activation resulted in a greater replicative potential in differentiated cardiac myocytes and enhanced differentiation of nonmyocytes into cardiac myocytes. Thus, endogenous Smad2 activation is indispensable for endodermal and mesodermal induction in the early phase. In the late phase, endogenous transforming growth factor-␤ negatively regulates cardiomyogenesis through Smad2 activation by modulating proliferation and differentiation of cardiac myocytes. to study development of cardiac myocytes but also proposes the potential use of ES cell-derived cardiac myocytes for many medical applications such as cell transplantation therapy against various heart diseases and pharmacological testing on cardiac myocytes. 1 However, the molecular mechanisms governing differentiation of ES cells into specific lineages are poorly understood, and their comprehension would improve the efficiency of differentiation into specific cell types.Members of transforming growth factor (TGF)-␤ superfamily are pleiotropic cytokines involved in many biological processes and signaling via heteromeric complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors. 2 On ligand binding and heterodimerization, the constitutively active type II receptor kinase phosphorylates the type I receptor, which in turn activates downstream signal transduction cascades including Smad pathways. According to the usage of different sets of type I receptors and receptor-regulated Smad (RSmad), the superfamily members can be classified into 2 major branches: (1) the TGF-␤/activin/Nodal branch and (2) the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/growth and differentiation factor (GDF) branch. 2 The TGF-␤/activin/Nodal branch activates activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)-4, -5, and -7, which phosphorylate Smad2 and -3, whereas Smad1, -5, and -8 are substrates for the BMP/GDF branch through ALK-1, -2, -3, and -6. 2,3 The role of Smad1/5/8-activating BMP in cardiogenesis is relatively well documented. In chick embryo, BMP2 is able to induce expression of myocardial lineage markers in ectopic locations in vivo, and anterior lateral mesoderm explant cultures in vitro, 4 and Noggin, one of soluble BMP antagonists, prevents myocard...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stage-Specific Role of Endogenous Smad2 Activation in Cardiomyogenesis of Embryonic Stem Cells

Kitamura

Takahashi

Nakajima

et al. 2007

Circulation Research

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“…expressed in the ovary, embryo and follicular fluid [10][11][12][13][14][23][24][25], we hypothesized that betagylcan, which is associated with modulation of TGFβ and activin signal transduction, might play an important role in the oviduct. Thus, in the present study, we performed Northern blot, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR to evaluate its significance in the oviduct.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently it has been demonstrated that betaglycan can bind inhibin A with high affinity and interfere with activin A to bind to its type II receptor [5]. It has been reported that betaglycan is expressed in the adrenal gland, ovary, uterus and pituitary, which have essential reproductive functions [6][7][8][9], whereas TGFβ are expressed in the ovary, testis, pre-and post-implanation uterus, follicular fluid and embryo [10][11][12][13][14]. Meanwhile, inhibin, activin and activin receptors are expressed in the embryo, ovary and ovarian follicular fluid [15][16][17][18][19], suggesting that betaglycan may be involved, along with TGFβ and/or inhibin, in modulatory regulation in the ovary, pituitary and testis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Expression and Cyclic Change of Betaglycan in the Rat Oviduct

Kubota

Omori

Ikeda

et al. 2009

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. Although the fallopian tube provides a sufficient environment for fertilization and early embryo development, the mechanism by which it does this is unclear. It is known that the transforming growth factorβ (TGFβ) superfamily plays important roles in various reproductive functions. Betaglycan, originally characterized as a TGFβ type III receptor lacking a clearly identifiable signaling motif, has been shown to be important for the high-affinity binding of TGFβs to the type II receptor. To our knowledge, there has been no study showing expression of betaglycan in the rat oviduct. Therefore, in this study, we examined the distribution of betaglycan in various rat tissues and its expression patterns in the oviduct during the estrous cycle. Northern blot analysis of various rat tissues showed that the adrenal gland, ovary and oviduct contained abundant amounts of 6.4-kb betaglycan mRNA. Furthermore, the mRNA level of betaglycan was highest after the LH surge that induced ovulation. The betaglycan protein, detected using immunohistochemistry, was especially abundant in the epithelium of the oviduct. Furthermore, in pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) primed-rats, the expression of betaglycan was increased significantly by stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). RT-PCR analysis showed co-localization of other TGFβ family receptors (TGFβ types I and II, activin receptor types Ia and Ib and activin receptor types IIa and IIb) with betaglycan in the oviduct. Since betaglycan along with other TGFβ family receptors is abundantly expressed in the epithelium of the oviduct and its expression changes during estrous, it may also play an important role in the oviduct. Key words: Betaglycan, Estrous cycle, Oviduct, Rat, Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (J. Reprod. Dev. 55: [200][201][202][203][204][205] 2009) etaglycan is a member-anchored proteoglycan originally characterized as a type III receptor for transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ), the prototype of a superfamily of growth factors involved in regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and development. Betaglycan binds TGFβ isoforms with high affinity and increases the functional interaction between TGFβ and its type I and type II signaling receptors [1,2]. Rat betaglycan encodes a 91.6-kDa protein core that is further modified by N-linked glycosyl residues and by heparin and chondroitin sulfate side chains. The betaglycan protein consists of a large extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a short intracellular domain [3,4]. Although the short 43-amino acid cytoplasmic domain lacks an obvious signaling motif, it is enriched by serines and threonines [3,4]. Recently it has been demonstrated that betaglycan can bind inhibin A with high affinity and interfere with activin A to bind to its type II receptor [5]. It has been reported that betaglycan is expressed in the adrenal gland, ovary, uterus and pituitary, which have essential reproductive functions [6][7][8][9], whereas TGFβ are expressed in the ovary, testis, pre-a...

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“…Within these growth factors, they found TGFβ mRNA expression (Watson, Hogan, Hahnel, Wiemer, & Schultz, 1992;Watson et al, 1994). Some years later, Chow found the presence of TGFβ type I and II receptors in mice oviductal cells, evidencing the importance of this signaling system in embryo-maternal cross talk (Chow, Lee, Chan, & Yeung, 2001). Different members of the BMP family are expressed in the bovine oviduct during the estrous cycle.…”

Section: Bmps In the Oviductmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Preimplantation Embryos

Rosa

2015

Bone Morphogenic Protein

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Quantification of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) mRNA expression in mouse preimplantation embryos and determination of TGFbeta receptor (type I and type II) expression in mouse embryos and reproductive tract

Cited by 41 publications

References 44 publications

Stage-Specific Role of Endogenous Smad2 Activation in Cardiomyogenesis of Embryonic Stem Cells

Stage-Specific Role of Endogenous Smad2 Activation in Cardiomyogenesis of Embryonic Stem Cells

Expression and Cyclic Change of Betaglycan in the Rat Oviduct

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Preimplantation Embryos

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