Quantification of rHVT-F genome load in feather follicles by specific real-time qPCR as an indicator of NDV-specific humoral immunity induced by day-old vaccination in SPF chickens

Rauw, Fabienne; Borm, Steven Van; Welby, Sarah; Ngabirano, Eva; Gardin, Yannick; Palya, Vilmos; Lambrecht, Bénédicte

doi:10.1080/03079457.2015.1018869

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This result points out that these two methods are not equivalent for measuring HVT uptake. This result contrasts with one of our collaborator's results [24]. The differences between our two studies can mainly be attributed to differences in the design of the experiments.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…These results are consistent with our previous report in which we followed a commercial layer line vaccinated similarly up to 72 weeks of age [31]. We also observed a strong correlation between HI and ELISA NDV antibody titration, similarly to that previously reported with SPF White Leghorn chickens (HI test vs. an IgG in-house ELISA) [24]. Although, the two methods measured different types of antibodies and showed different titers, both methods might be used for NDV protection prediction which is based on NDV antibody seropositivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Quantification of viral genome copy number by real-time PCR (qPCR) indicates that MDV replication increases steadily from 1 to 2-3 weeks post-infection and remains stable from that time until the death of the birds [18] (Pasdeloup, unpublished data). Like pathogenic viruses, MD vaccines also reach, replicate, and persist in feathers [19][20][21][22][23][24]. DNA of MDV and MD vaccines are found in dander and dust indicating a shedding of these viruses [9,12,21,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chickens can durably clear herpesvirus vaccine infection in feathers while still carrying vaccine-induced antibodies

Rémy

Pape

Gourichon

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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Marek's disease (MD) is a major disease of chickens induced by Marek's disease virus (MDV) associated to lethal lymphomas. Current MD vaccines protect against lymphomas, but fail to prevent infection and shedding. The control of MDV shedding is crucial in order to eradicate this highly contagious virus. Like pathogenic MDV, MD vaccines infect the feather follicles of the skin before being shed into the environment. MD vaccines constitute excellent models to study virus interaction with feathers, the unique excretion source of these viruses. Herein we studied the viral persistence in feathers of a MD vaccine, the recombinant turkey herpesvirus (rHVT-ND). We report that most of the birds showed a persistent HVT infection of feathers over 41 weeks with moderate viral loads. Interestingly, 20% of the birds were identified as low HVT producers, among which six birds cleared the infection. Indeed, after week 14-26, these birds named controllers had undetectable HVT DNA in their feathers through week 41. All vaccinated birds developed antibodies to NDV, which lasted until week 41 in 95% of the birds, including the controllers. No correlation was found between HVT loads in feathers and NDV antibody titers over time. Interestingly, no HVT DNA was detected in the spleens of four controllers. This is the first description of chickens that durably cleared MD vaccine infection of feathers suggesting that control of Mardivirus shedding is achievable by the host.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chickens can durably clear herpesvirus vaccine infection in feathers while still carrying vaccine-induced antibodies

Rémy

Pape

Gourichon

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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“…This approach is commonly referred to as a Prime-Boost strategy. Because of the lack of simple serologic tests to measure the immune response to rHVT-ND vaccines expressing the NDV fusion protein, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to evaluate the rHVT-ND vaccine load from feather follicles has been developed (Rauw et al, 2015). This approach may be helpful in evaluating if rHVT vaccine administration was successful.…”

Section: Fowlpox Virus and Herpesvirus Of Turkeys Used As Vectors Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Newcastle disease vaccines—A solved problem or a continuous challenge?

Dimitrov

Afonso

et al. 2017

Veterinary Microbiology

283

230

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Newcastle disease (ND) has been defined by the World Organisation for Animal Health as infection of poultry with virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Lesions affecting the neurological, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive systems are most often observed. The control of ND must include strict biosecurity that prevents virulent NDV from contacting poultry, and also proper administration of efficacious vaccines. When administered correctly to healthy birds, ND vaccines formulated with NDV of low virulence or viral-vectored vaccines that express the NDV fusion protein are able to prevent clinical disease and mortality in chickens upon infection with virulent NDV. Live and inactivated vaccines have been widely used since the 1950's. Recombinant and antigenically matched vaccines have been adopted recently in some countries, and many other vaccine approaches have been only evaluated experimentally. Despite decades of research and development towards formulation of an optimal ND vaccine, improvements are still needed. Impediments to prevent outbreaks include uneven vaccine application when using mass administration techniques in larger commercial settings, the difficulties associated with vaccinating free-roaming, multi-age birds of village flocks, and difficulties maintaining the cold chain to preserve the thermo-labile antigens in the vaccines. Incomplete or improper immunization often results in the disease and death of poultry after infection with virulent NDV. Another cause of decreased vaccine efficacy is the existence of antibodies (including maternal) in birds, which can neutralize the vaccine and thereby reduce the effectiveness of ND vaccines. In this review, a historical perspective, summary of the current situation for ND and NDV strains, and a review of traditional and experimental ND vaccines are presented.

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“…For this, a comparison of day-old chicken vaccinations with one dose each of rHVT-F(ND) and rHVT-H5(AI) in the neck at separate sites (double shot) versus a single shot could be performed. Detection of rHVT-F(ND) and rHVT-H5(AI) genome loads in feather follicles and organs by F-and H5-or HVT-specific real-time quantitative PCR methods [4,9,18] could further provide quantitative data regarding vaccine replication and distribution.…”

Section: Delayed Antibody Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a Simultaneous rHVT-F(ND) and rHVT-H5(AI) Vaccination of Day-Old Chickens and the Influence of NDV- and AIV-Specific MDA on Immune Response and Conferred Protection

et al. 2020

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The recombinant herpesvirus of turkey (rHVT) vaccines targeting Newcastle disease (ND) and H5Nx avian influenza (AI) have been demonstrated efficient in chickens when used individually at day-old. Given the practical field constraints associated with administering two vaccines separately and in the absence of a currently available bivalent rHVT vector vaccine expressing both F(ND) and H5(AI) antigens, the aim of this study was to investigate whether interference occurs between the two vaccines when simultaneously administered in a single shot. The studies have been designed to determine (i) the ND and AI-specific protection and antibody response conferred by these vaccines inoculated alone or in combination at day-old, (ii) the influence of maternally-derived antibodies (MDA), and (iii) the potential interference between the two vaccine. Our results demonstrate that their combined administration is efficient to protect chickens against clinical signs of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) and H5-highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infections. Viral shedding following co-vaccination is also markedly reduced, while slightly lower NDV- and AIV-specific antibody responses are observed. NDV- and AIV-specific MDA show negative effects on the onset of the specific antibody responses. However, if AIV-specific MDA reduce the protection against H5-HPAIV induced by rHVT-H5(AI) vaccine, it was not observed for ND.

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Quantification of rHVT-F genome load in feather follicles by specific real-time qPCR as an indicator of NDV-specific humoral immunity induced by day-old vaccination in SPF chickens

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Chickens can durably clear herpesvirus vaccine infection in feathers while still carrying vaccine-induced antibodies

Chickens can durably clear herpesvirus vaccine infection in feathers while still carrying vaccine-induced antibodies

Newcastle disease vaccines—A solved problem or a continuous challenge?

Effectiveness of a Simultaneous rHVT-F(ND) and rHVT-H5(AI) Vaccination of Day-Old Chickens and the Influence of NDV- and AIV-Specific MDA on Immune Response and Conferred Protection

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