“…Attribution studies of CO 2 and O 2 syndromes in coastal ecosystems typically consider the impacts of a range of additional processes, beyond anthropogenic CO 2 and associated warming, including the consequences of local physical, biological, and biogeochemical processes (Table ; Mongin et al, ; Yu, Fennel, Laurent, Murrell, & Lehrter, ). Whilst climate change accounts for a substantial proportion of the observed change in CO 2 and O 2 in the upper layers of the open ocean (Byrne, Mecking, Feely, & Liu, ; Resplandy et al, ), watershed and metabolic processes account for much of the CO 2 , pH, and O 2 change in coastal ecosystems (Table , e.g., Chesapeake Bay; Cai et al, ; Li, Li, & Kemp, ).…”