Quantification of material stocks in existing buildings using secondary data—A case study for timber in a London Borough

Tudela, Alejandro Romero Perez de; Rose, Colin M.; Stegemann, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.rcrx.2019.100027

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, the sharp increase in construction of dwellings in post-World War II may explain the peaks in the early 1950s. 84 , 85 The magnitudes of these peaks tend to decrease slightly over time, which are generally smaller after year 2000 than those in the 1900s.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In dMFA studies, material intensity has also been used to assess building material stocks, such as concrete, cement, and timber. 33 , 85 , 93 Cumulatively, the dwelling intensity effect is the most negative of all effects and thus plays an important role in reducing demand for concrete. For example, in England, demand for concrete was reduced by ∼48 Mt due to the dwelling intensity effect from 1951 to 2014 (−0.74 Mt year –2 on average).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The years with the largest dwelling intensity effect values and relatively larger numbers of new dwellings constructed (relative to the trend) are similar (Figure S2d, Supporting Information S1); the peaks in Figure correspond to periods of high dwelling construction activity. For example, the sharp increase in construction of dwellings in post-World War II may explain the peaks in the early 1950s. , The magnitudes of these peaks tend to decrease slightly over time, which are generally smaller after year 2000 than those in the 1900s.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The material intensity effect in England is the most important of all effects in inducing demand for concrete, which alone induces about +72 Mt of concrete demand during 1951–2014 (+1.1 Mt year –2 on average, Figure b). In dMFA studies, material intensity has also been used to assess building material stocks, such as concrete, cement, and timber. ,, Cumulatively, the dwelling intensity effect is the most negative of all effects and thus plays an important role in reducing demand for concrete. For example, in England, demand for concrete was reduced by ∼48 Mt due to the dwelling intensity effect from 1951 to 2014 (−0.74 Mt year –2 on average).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Log Mean Divisia Index Decomposition Analysis of the Demand for Building Materials: Application to Concrete, Dwellings, and the U.K.

Myers

2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Dwellings are material intensive products. To date, material use in dwellings has been investigated mainly using economic (exogenous) or dwelling (endogenous) drivers, with few studies comprehensively combining both. For the first time, we identify a comprehensive set of such drivers of demand for building materials and analyze them using the logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method. We combine the LMDI method, the concept of dynamic material flow analysis, and physical and monetary flows to decompose the demand for building materials into the following six effects: material intensity, floor area shape, dwelling type, dwelling intensity, economic output, and population. We analyze these six effects on demand for concrete in new dwellings in the U.K. from 1951 to 2014, classified into six dwelling types and four subregions. Of these six effects, the material intensity effect is the most important, overall contributing to increasing concrete demand by +79 Mt from 1950 to 2014, while the dwelling intensity effect plays an opposite role, overall reducing concrete demand from 1950 to 2014 by −56 Mt. The economic output effect is also significant (+38 Mt from 1950 to 2014). A comparative analysis of the six effects in the four U.K. nations reveals that most of the effects arise from England, while the other nations have minor effects due to their smaller populations. Our results show that changes to the demand for concrete in the U.K. fluctuate and have mainly remained between ±30 Mt year –2 from 1950 to 2014, and thus the inflows of concrete into the in-use stock of dwellings have experienced neither entirely increasing or decreasing trends during this period. This study contributes to understanding changes in resource demand due to social, economic, and technological factors and thus improves the capability to reliably and quantitatively model the use of materials in the built environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Log Mean Divisia Index Decomposition Analysis of the Demand for Building Materials: Application to Concrete, Dwellings, and the U.K.

Myers

2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Nevertheless, the general procedure is similar. It can be summarized as follows: buildings are categorized according to several features and characteristics, e.g., building types, such as single-family or multiple-families in case of residential buildings [143,155], or in terms of energy use or energy efficiencies, such as heated non-domestic buildings or social infrastructure in the case of non-residential buildings [144]. Other features include the type of structure [53,119,154,156], or what is generally known as "archetypes" [96,141].…”

Section: Bottom-up Mfa and Materials Intensity Coefficients (Mics)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining the Built Environment: Telling the Story of Urban Mining

Fahid

Dombi

2021

Buildings

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Materials are continuously accumulating in the human-built environment since massive amounts of materials are required for building, developing, and maintaining cities. At the end of their life cycles, these materials are considered valuable sources of secondary materials. The increasing construction and demolition waste released from aging stock each year make up the heaviest, most voluminous waste outflow, presenting challenges and opportunities. These material stocks should be utilized and exploited since the reuse and recycling of construction materials would positively impact the natural environment and resource efficiency, leading to sustainable cities within a grander scheme of a circular economy. The exploitation of material stock is known as urban mining. In order to make these materials accessible for future mining, material quantities need to be estimated and extrapolated to regional levels. This demanding task requires a vast knowledge of the existing building stock, which can only be obtained through labor-intensive, time-consuming methodologies or new technologies, such as building information modeling (BIM), geographic information systems (GISs), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning. This review paper gives a general overview of the literature body and tracks the evolution of this research field.

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The urbanisation-environment conflict: Insights from material stock and productivity of transport infrastructure in Hanoi, Vietnam

Miatto

Dawson

Nguyen

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental Management

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Quantification of material stocks in existing buildings using secondary data—A case study for timber in a London Borough

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

Log Mean Divisia Index Decomposition Analysis of the Demand for Building Materials: Application to Concrete, Dwellings, and the U.K.

Log Mean Divisia Index Decomposition Analysis of the Demand for Building Materials: Application to Concrete, Dwellings, and the U.K.

Mining the Built Environment: Telling the Story of Urban Mining

The urbanisation-environment conflict: Insights from material stock and productivity of transport infrastructure in Hanoi, Vietnam

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