Quantification of Cell Proliferation and Alpha-Toxin Gene Expression of<i>Clostridium perfringens</i>in the Development of Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens

Si, Weiduo; Gong, Joshua; Han, Yanming; Yu, Hai; Brennan, John J.; Zhou, Huaijun; Chen, Shu

doi:10.1128/aem.01108-07

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…65,79,103 Through use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine chicken intestinal samples for CPA, researchers found high levels of CPA in samples from NE birds and low levels in samples from healthy birds. 95 In 2007, researchers reported that there is a positive correlation between increased CPA gene expression and the experimental development of NE, 119 thus suggesting that CPA has a critical role in the development of the disease. 50,53 This is also supported by the fact that numerous researchers have found that vaccinating chickens with CPA toxoids provides at least partial protection against NE.…”

Section: Pathogenesis and Host Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing clostridial enteric disease in poultry

2013

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Abstract. The world's poultry industry has grown into a multibillion-dollar business, the success of which hinges on healthy intestinal tracts, which result in effective feed conversion. Enteric disease in poultry can have devastating economic effects on producers, due to high mortality rates and poor feed efficiency. Clostridia are considered to be among the most important agents of enteric disease in poultry. Diagnosis of enteric diseases produced by clostridia is usually challenging, mainly because many clostridial species can be normal inhabitants of the gut, making it difficult to determine their role in virulence. The most common clostridial enteric disease in poultry is necrotic enteritis, caused by Clostridium perfringens, which typically occurs in broiler chickens but has also been diagnosed in various avian species including turkeys, waterfowl, and ostriches. Diagnosis is based on clinical and pathological findings. Negative culture and toxin detection results may be used to rule out this disease, but isolation of C. perfringens and/or detection of its alpha toxin are of little value to confirm the disease because both are often found in the intestine of healthy birds. Ulcerative enteritis, caused by Clostridium colinum, is the other major clostridial enteric disease of poultry. Diagnosis of ulcerative enteritis is by documentation of typical pathological findings, coupled with isolation of C. colinum from the intestine of affected birds. Other clostridial enteric diseases include infections produced by Clostridium difficile, Clostridium fallax, and Clostridium baratii.

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Section: Pathogenesis and Host Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing clostridial enteric disease in poultry

2013

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“…The chickens used for the present study were the same birds used for our previous reports of alpha-toxin gene expression in the chicken intestine (35) and the host response to C. perfringens infection as evaluated by both a low-density chicken immune cDNA microarray and a 44,000-slide-format whole-chicken-genome Agilent microarray (34,42). The chickens were cared for under the 1993 guidelines of the Canadian Council on Animal Care.…”

Section: Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Profiles of Genes in Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Signaling of Broilers Infected with Clostridium perfringens

Lü

Sarson

Gong

et al. 2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) participate in detecting microbial pattern molecules for activation of the host immune response. We investigated possible roles of TLRs in the chicken response to Clostridium perfringens infection by examining the expression of TLR genes and other genes involved in TLR-mediated signaling within the spleens and ilea of C. perfringens-challenged broilers. Upregulation of a tumor necrosis factor alphainducing factor homolog in challenged chickens compared to naïve chickens was observed, regardless of the incidence of necrotic enteritis. In addition, the members of the TLR2 subfamily were found to be most strongly involved in the host response to C. perfringens challenge, although the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 was also upregulated in spleen tissues. While the combination of TLR1.2, TLR2.1, and TLR15 appeared to play a major role in the splenic response, the expression of TLR2.2 and TLR1.1 was positively correlated to the expression of adaptor molecules MyD88, TRAF6, TRIF, and receptor interacting protein 1 in the ileal tissues, demonstrating a dynamic spatial and temporal innate host response to C. perfringens.

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“…The intestines of birds suffering from NE contain large numbers of C. perfringens organisms, which could reach up to 10 6 to 10 8 colony-forming units (CFU)/g of the intestinal contents, whereas in healthy broilers, the counts could range from 0 to 10 5 CFU/g of the intestinal contents (Baba et al, 1997;Si et al, 2007). Among the major toxins, C. perfringens types B and C produce beta and alpha toxin, while C. perfringens type A produces only alpha toxin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on intestinal histological changes in challenged broiler chickens

Al-Baadani¹,

Abudabos²,

Al-Mufarrej³

et al. 2016

SA J. An. Sci.

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The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of probiotics, prebiotics and their combination on intestinal histological changes in broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens. Two hundred and forty newly hatched male broilers (Ross 308) were equally distributed into six treatments: negative control group: unsupplemented unchallenged birds; positive control group: unsupplemented challenged birds; neoxyval-fed group: 0.5 g/kg diet (antibiotic) challenged birds; GalliPro-fed group: 0.6 g/kg diet (probiotic), challenged birds; TechnoMos-fed group: 0.75 g/kg diet (prebiotic), challenged birds; and synbiotic-fed group: birds challenged by C. Perfringens (4 x 10 8 CFU /mL). At 35 days old, samples from the ileum and jejunum were collected for histological measurements (height, width and villus surface area), and histopathological changes were assessed. The results showed that the length and surface area of villi in the ileum and jejunum were lower in the positive control, whereas length and surface area of villi in the ileum and jejunum of all feed additive treatments were higher, compared with the positive control and antibiotics. Necrotic enteritis (NE) development was evident in the positive control group. Signs of necrosis of the mucosal membranes, haemorrhage and fibrosis with depletions of gut associated lymph follicle (GALF) in submucosal layer were very clear. Pathological changes improved in all feed additives, except for the antibiotics. These results indicated that alternatives to antibiotics could be used to improve the length and surface area of a villus and the health of the animal by suppressing C. perfringens.

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Quantification of Cell Proliferation and Alpha-Toxin Gene Expression ofClostridium perfringensin the Development of Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Diagnosing clostridial enteric disease in poultry

Diagnosing clostridial enteric disease in poultry

Expression Profiles of Genes in Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Signaling of Broilers Infected with Clostridium perfringens

Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on intestinal histological changes in challenged broiler chickens

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