Quality Preservation of ‘Laetitia’ Plums in Active Modified Atmosphere Storage

Abstract

ABSTRACT-Recent studies have shown that passive modified atmosphere storage (MA) delays the ripening of 'Laetitia' plums but it increases the incidence of internal browning in comparison to cold storage (CS), possibly due to high CO 2 and/or ethylene accumulation inside the package. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of active MA conditions [LDPE film (40 µm)] with CO 2 absorber combined with low ethylene (LE) on ripening and quality preservation of 'Laetitia' plums during storage at 0.5ºC±0.1ºC and RH of 96%±2%. The treatments evaluated were cold storage (CS; 21.0 kPa O 2 + <0.03 kPa CO 2 ); nonperforated MA with CO 2 absorber; non-perforated MA with CO 2 absorber and LE; perforated MA (with two perforations with diameter = 0.5 mm) with CO 2 absorber; and perforated MA with CO 2 absorber and LE. The partial pressures of O 2 + CO 2 (kPa) were 1.2 + <0.1 and 2.8 + <0.1, in non-perforated and perforated MA, respectively. Active MA, mainly non-perforated package, with CO 2 absorber and LE, delayed fruit ripening, but did not reduce the incidence of internal breakdown in 'Laetitia' plums cold stored for 60 days. Fruits in active MA, with perforated or non-perforated package, with CO 2 absorber and LE, showed lower intensity of internal breakdown than CS. Index terms: Prunus salicina, internal breakdown, ethylene, postharvest, ripening. MANUTENÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE AMEIXAS 'LAETITIA' ARMAZENADAS EM ATMOSFETA MODIFICADA ATIVARESUMO -Trabalhos recentes têm demonstrado que a atmosfera modificada (AM) passiva retarda o amadurecimento de ameixas 'Laetitia', mas causa maior ocorrência de escurecimento da polpa do que o armazenamento refrigerado (AR), possivelmente devido ao acúmulo de CO 2 e/ou ao etileno no interior da embalagem. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da AM ativa, com absorção de CO 2 , combinada com baixo etileno (BE) sobre o amadurecimento e a manutenção da qualidade de ameixas 'Laetitia' durante o armazenamento a 0,5ºC±0,1ºC e UR de 96%±2%. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: AR (21 kPa de O 2 + 0,03 kPa de CO 2 ); AM + absorvedor de CO 2 ; AM + absorvedor de CO 2 e BE; AM com perfuração (duas perfurações de 0,5 mm de diâmetro) + absorvedor de CO 2 ; AM com perfuração + absorvedor de CO 2 e BE. Nos tratamentos com AM, foi utilizado o filme de polietileno de baixa densidade de 40 µm. As pressões parciais médias de O 2 + CO 2 (kPa) foram 2,8 + <0,1 e 1,2 + <0,1, em AM com perfuração e AM sem perfuração, respectivamente. A AM ativa, especialmente em embalagem não perfurada, com absorvedor de CO 2 e BE (<0,04 µL L -1 ), retardou o amadurecimento dos frutos, mas não reduziu a incidência de escurecimento da polpa após 60 dias de armazenamento. Os frutos acondicionados em AM ativa, em embalagem com ou sem perfuração, com absorvedor de CO 2 e BE, apresentaram menor intensidade de escurecimento da polpa do que em AR. Termos para indexação: Prunus salicina, escurecimento de polpa, etileno, pós-colheita, amadurecimento.1 .

Ethanol vapor treatment of ‘Laetitia’ plums stored under modified atmosphere

“…Upon their removal from storage, rot incidence, weight loss, red color index (RCI), skin hue and respiratory and ethylene production rates were assessed. After three more days of shelf life (20±5°C and 63±2% RH) to simulate the marketing period, they were evaluated regarding the red color index (RCI), skin color, respiratory and ethylene production rates, flesh firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS) and the incidence and intensity of internal browning according to the methodology described by STANGER et al (2017), whereas the loss of mass, quantification of the fermentation products (ethyl acetate, ethanol and acetaldehyde), enzymatic activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed according to the methodology described below.…”

“…Thus, it is necessary to adopt new strategies to extend the storage period, among them modified atmosphere (MA) and the use of ethanol vapor. The reduction in temperature, the decrease in the partial pressure of O 2 and the increase in the partial pressure of CO 2 induced by the MA are the main factors that contribute to the maintenance of the product's quality and, consequently, to the reduction in postharvest losses (STANGER et al, 2017).…”

Internal browning control in ‘Laetitia’ plums by modified atmosphere, management of ethylene and storage temperature

“…In this storage time, in the temperature of 8.0 °C, the 1-MCP only delayed the evolution of the peel color in the least red region of the fruit (Table 1). The lowest evolution of the epidermis coloration in 'Laetitia' plums treated with 1-MCP is related, in part, to the lowest ethylene production rate, because the change in the color, during plums maturation, is a process dependent on the action of this phytohormone (STANGER et al, 2017). In addition to the 1-MCP, the use of MA has also been shown to be an efficient tool to delay the coloration change process of the fruit epidermis, as reported by Selcuk and Erkan (2014).…”

“…The use of technologies associated with the CS, which reduce the synthesis and the action of ethylene, such as modified atmosphere (MA), controlled atmosphere (CA), absorption of ethylene and the treatment with 1-methylciclopropene (1-MCP), although they do not fully inhibit the manifestation of the disorder, they have contributed to the reduction of the internal browning severity in 'Laetitia' plums (STANGER et al, 2017;STEFFENS et al, 2018). However, there is no information on the combined effect of the MA and the 1-MCP on the maturation and control of internal browning in 'Laetitia' plums.…”

Investigation of the Effects of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatments on the Storage of ‘Black Diamond’ Plums Fruit

“…Etilen inhibitörü olan 1-MCP, ürünlere uygulandığında, etilen alıcılarına (reseptörlerine) bağlanarak, etilenin bu bölgeye bağlanmasını engellemekte ve bu nedenle etilen ile ilişkili biyokimyasal tepkimeleri yavaşlatmaktadır (Blankenship and Dole, 2003) ve etilen ile kıyaslandığında çok daha düşük konsantrasyonlarda bile aktif olabildiği, ayrıca birçok türde etilen biyosentezini etkilediği (Sisler and Serek, 1997) belirtilmiştir. Erik meyvelerinde 1-MCP uygulaması depolama süresince meyve etinin yumuşamasını ve kabuk rengindeki değişimleri geciktirmiştir (Argenta et al, 2003;Martínez-Romero et al, 2003;Salvador et al, 2003;Luo et al, 2009;Bae et al, 2011), iç kararmasını azaltmıştır (Stanger et al, 2016).…”