Quality of sunflower oil seeds in the Middle Volga region

Abstract

The results of studies on the study of six variants of sunflower cultivated by production system ExpressSun (predecessor barley), on ordinary Chernozem during 2013-2018 are presented. Research on hybrid P63LE10 showed the promise of deep loosening of the soil as the main soil tillage. It ensures, the yield of 2.2-2.5 t/ha of oilseeds after the application of fertilizers. It is established that one of the main quality indicators of oilseeds – oil content – depends on the mass of 1000 seeds, while the highest value detected on the maximum level of intensity of 51.3-51.5 g, that is 1.6-2.6 g (3,2-5,3 %) more than the rest of the studied variants. The maximum oil content is on natural fertility background – 47.8-49.2 %, which was 1.3 and 1.9 % more than in the fertilized variants. In the study of the nature of oilseeds they are revealed trends of dependence on the used means of intensification similar to the oil content of seed at a positive relationship with the crop yield (r= 0.71-0.92*). Application of mineral fertilizers in a dose NPK30 provides stabilization of productivity and quality of oil seeds in any climatic conditions year. On the basis of the obtained data they are revealed manufacturing operations that provide high productivity and quality of seeds: the fertilizer dose NPK30, deep loosening to 25-27 cm (PCH-4.5), spring harrowing (BZSS-1.0), pre-sowing cultivation (OPO-4.25), consolidation of the soil (3kksh-6), sowing (SSTV-6), the harrowing on shoots in one track (BZSS-1.0), treatment with herbicide (Express, 50g/ha).

Prospects for the ExpressSun™ production system for sunflower cultivation in the European part of Russia

“…In the current natural and economic conditions, the most effective and demanded field crop in the European part of Russia is sunflower [1,3,4,6]. A large number of highproductive and high-quality domestic and foreign hybrids are being cultivated in the region.…”

“…At present, one of the most promising ways for growing sunflower is the production system ExpressSun™ [4]. Its main advantages over other systems are as follows:…”

Sunflower oil quality management based on statistical analysis of its indicators

“…High quality raw materials avoid many sunflower oil defects. The resulting oil can have significantly different physical and chemical characteristics, since sunflower seeds grew in different regions of the country [5]. These indicators characterize the fatty acid composition of the oil, which does not change significantly during isolation and processing.…”