Quality of published reports of the prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia

Carson, Catherine A.; Fine, Michael J.; Smith, Melanie A.; Weissfeld, Lisa A.; Huber, Jeffrey T.; Kapoor, Wishwa N.

doi:10.1007/bf02599136

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The study was designed according to guidelines on investigations into the outcome of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, stressing the importance of properly defining the referral patterns, the inception cohort and follow-up of subjects [11].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical significance of MCP-1 levels in BALF and serum in patients with interstitial lung diseases

Suga¹,

Iyonaga²,

Ichiyasu³

et al. 1999

European Respiratory Journal

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The aim of the study was to validate the prediction rule of M.J. Fine and coworkers for clinical outcome variables and three prognostic rules for the individual outcome of community-acquired pneumonia in an elderly population (rule 1: respiratory frequency $30 breaths . min -1 , diastolic blood pressure #60 mmHg, blood urea nitrogen >7 mM; rule 2: respiratory frequency $30 breaths . min -1 , diastolic blood pressure #60 mmHg, mental confusion; and rule 3: systolic blood pressure #80 mmHg, cardiac frequency $90 beats . min -1 , lactate dehydrogenase activity $260 IU . L -1 ; death was predicted in the presence of at least two of three parameters). Overall 168 consecutive episodes of community-acquired pneumonia in patients aged $65 yrs and hospitalized in a primary care hospital were studied prospectively.Fine's rule was tested for its ability to predict length of hospital stay, requirement for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death. For the three prognostic rules of individual outcome, performance regarding predicting death was determined.Mortality was 17/168 (10%). Fine's rule accurately predicted length of stay, the requirement for ICU admission and the risk of death from pneumonia as compared to the original derivation and validation cohorts. All three rules achieved moderate-tohigh specificity (73%, 88% and 80%, respectively) and high negative predictive values (95%, 94% and 93%, respectively) but had a low sensitivity (65%, 47% and 47%, respectively). Rule 2 most closely reflected the risk of death from pneumonia when Fine's classification was used as reference.Fine's rule proved to give valid estimations regarding clinical outcome variables of community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. The prognostic rules may be useful in determining individual patients at lower risk of death caused by pneumonia.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical significance of MCP-1 levels in BALF and serum in patients with interstitial lung diseases

Suga¹,

Iyonaga²,

Ichiyasu³

et al. 1999

European Respiratory Journal

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“…113 The weighting assigned to methodological items varies considerably between scales, 117 and does not usually take into account the direction of bias. 119 An investigation comparing low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) with standard heparin for thromboprophylaxis in general surgery found that trials identifi ed as 'high quality' by some of the 25 scales investigated indicated that LMWH was not superior to standard heparin, whereas trials identifi ed as 'high quality' by other scales led to the opposite conclusion, that LMWH was benefi cial. 117 It is therefore preferable that aspects of quality such as blinding and treatment allocation (and their potential impact on study results) should be considered individually.…”

Section: The Process Of Quality Assessment In Systematic Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates of Maternal and Perinatal Mortality and Vertical Transmission in Pregnancies Complicated by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Co-V-2) Infection

Huntley

Mascio

et al. 2020

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

260

222

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Chapter 1 Core principles and methods for conducting a systematic review of health interventions Chapter 2 Systematic reviews of clinical tests Chapter 3 Systematic reviews of public health interventions Chapter 4 Systematic reviews of adverse effects Chapter 5 Systematic reviews of economic evaluations Chapter 6 Incorporating qualitative evidence in or alongside effectiveness reviews APPENDICES: Appendix 1 Other review approaches Appendix 2 Example search strategy to identify studies from electronic databases Appendix 3 Documenting the search process Appendix 4 Searching for adverse effects Abbreviations Glossary Index Core principles and methods for conducting a systematic review of health interventions Objective 1: What are the effects of fl uoridation of drinking water supplies on the incidence of caries? Objective 2: If water fl uoridation is shown to have benefi cial effects, what is the effect over and above that offered by the use of alternative interventions and strategies? Objective 3: Does water fl uoridation result in a reduction of caries across social groups and between geographical locations, bringing equity? Objective 4: Does water fl uoridation have negative effects? Objective 5: Are there differences in the effects of natural and artifi cial water fl uoridation?Where there are several objectives it may be necessary to prioritise by importance and likelihood of being able to answer the question. It may even be necessary to restrict the scope of the question to a level that is manageable within set resources. For clarity, the singular term 'review question' is used throughout the guidance. Box 1.2: Example review objective and PICOS elements for a review protocol Review objectiveThe objective of this review is to assess the clinical effectiveness of treatments for childhood retinoblastoma. 14 ParticipantsStudies of participants diagnosed with retinoblastoma at the age of 18 years or under.Studies of adults where childhood retinoblastoma was followed up into adulthood.Studies of mixed diagnoses if outcomes were reported separately for children with retinoblastoma. InterventionsAny intervention or combination of interventions given for the treatment of retinoblastoma, including (but not restricted to) enucleation, external beam radiotherapy, chemotherapy, brachytherapy, cryotherapy, thermotherapy and photocoagulation. OutcomesAny clinical outcome, including (but not restricted to) survival, progression-free survival, tumour response, preservation of the eye, visual acuity, disease remission and adverse effects. Study designRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials. However, it is not anticipated that many studies of these designs will be available. Therefore, if information from controlled trials is not available, cohort studies are eligible for inclusion provided that data from a comparison group are reported.Case series and case reports are excluded from the review owing to the high potential for bias in these study designs. Case-control studies (except where nested as part of a co...

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“…cations, natural history of symptom resolution, and expected time to return to usual activities. 10 Few previously published reports of prognosis for CAP have assessed outcomes other than all-cause mortality, 11 and few have studied patients treated in the ambulatory setting. [12][13][14][15][16][17] As part of the Pneumonia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) project, we conducted a mul-…”

Section: Original Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%