Quality of oocytes in prepubertal and pubertal swine

Grabowska, R; B, Błaszczyk; Stankiewicz, Tomasz; Banaś, Tomasz; Hale, Sarah A.; Udała, J.

doi:10.3906/vet-1502-16

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In general, oocytes from younger females, such as prepubertal animals, have a decreased capacity to develop into embryos in many species (Braga et al, 2019; Grupen et al, 2003; Marchal et al, 2001; Pawlak et al, 2012). Nevertheless, oocytes from prepubertal gilts are routinely used in pigs for basic research and in vitro embryos (Grabowska et al, 2016; Moreira et al, 2016; Yuan et al, 2017), despite having lower developmental competence than those of cyclic sows (Braga et al, 2019; Sherrer et al, 2004). Although the reasons for the oocytes of younger females being less competent than those of cycling females have been extensively studied (Braga et al, 2019; Cocero et al, 2019; Fang et al, 2016; Grupen et al, 2003; Hendriks et al, 2015; Romar et al, 2011; Schwarzer et al, 2014), they remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulus‐oocyte complexes from sows show differences in lipid metabolism compared to cumulus‐oocyte complexes from prepubertal gilts during in vitro maturation

Silva

Dode

Braga

et al. 2023

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of donor age on lipid metabolism during in vitro maturation (IVM) of pigs cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). We evaluated transcript levels of genes, the percentage of ooplasm occupied by lipid droplets (LD) and evaluated DNA methylation in COCs from sows and prepubertal gilts. Transcript levels of six genes (ACACA, ACSS2, FASN, FABP3, SLC27A4, PLIN2), which were analyzed in cumulus cells (CCs), increased after 44 h of IVM in the sow group. In the gilt group, only FASN expression increased, while NR3C1 expression decreased after IVM. The measurement of LD in oocytes showed an accumulation of lipids in sow oocytes during IVM, while gilt oocytes showed a decrease in LD. FABP3 and NR3C1 methylation patterns exhibited a demethylation pattern in CCs and oocytes from gilts and sows and showed statistical differences between groups. CCs from sows had a better capacity to change transcription levels of the major genes involved in lipid metabolism during IVM than CCs from gilts. This difference may be involved in accumulation of lipids, acquisition of competence, and maturation of enclosed oocytes. Our results contribute to a better understanding of mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism and acquisition of competence in porcine COCs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulus‐oocyte complexes from sows show differences in lipid metabolism compared to cumulus‐oocyte complexes from prepubertal gilts during in vitro maturation

Silva

Dode

Braga

et al. 2023

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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“…However, it was quite simple to easily identify a cystic ovary regardless of the age of the animal given its gross appearance, the consistency among ovarian follicles, and the presence of persistent CL enclosed in the follicular wall, among others. Some good examples of normal and cystic ovaries can be found in the literature (Cech and Dolezel 2007;Grabowska et al 2016) which have been referenced in this study along with the preliminary actual examination of ovaries in the abattoir. Nevertheless, the degree of luteinization for those ovarian cysts with persistent CL may vary even within the same ovary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Morphometric Evaluation of Cystic Ovaries in Pigs Slaughtered in Tacloban City Abattoir, Philippines

2021

Int J Vet Sci

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Cystic ovaries could possibly be either a cause or effect of an existing reproductive disorder as influenced by many factors including hormonal, genetic and the environment. Cystic sows can be a salient source of subfertility in the herd while severely affecting farrowing rates and thus profitability in pig operations. Using direct morphological and morphometric examination of 822 ovaries from either pre-pubertal (about 4 months) or post-pubertal (about 1-2 years) pigs slaughtered at Tacloban City abattoir, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and characterize cystic ovaries which can be used as baseline information for further research relevant to polycystic ovarian syndrome and how it affects the pig’s productivity. With the majority of ovaries examined coming from pre-pubertal pigs, our study found a very low prevalence (̴ 0.85%) of cystic ovaries and can be attributed principally to post-pubertal pigs divided between oligocystic (0.61%) and polycystic ovaries (0.24%). As expected, cystic ovaries were much bigger across all dimensions (P≤0.05). Further research should focus on post-pubertal animals particularly those candidates for slaughter due to culling. As sows are likely to perform poorly particularly in the presence of multiple ovarian cysts, skills and technology such as ultrasound for rapid diagnosis is highly required.

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“…We conducted a participant experiment using mature porcine oocytes, whose size is generally 134.59 ± 11.87 µm [17], as the target for manipulations to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed micromanipulation spatiotemporal assistance system. The experiment was conducted under the following three conditions.…”

Section: A Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Spatiotemporal Assistance for Micromanipulation Using Imitation Learning

Mori,

Aoyama,

Kobayashi

et al. 2024

IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett.

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There has been an increasing demand for microscopic work using optical microscopes and micromanipulators for applications in various fields. However, microinjection requires skilled operators, and the considerable shortage of experts has become a recent challenge. We overcome this challenge by proposing an assistance system based on force and visual presentation using artificial intelligence technology to simplify cell rotation manipulation, which is difficult in microinjection. The proposed system employs imitation learning for an expert with a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to obtain the ideal pipette trajectory and long short-term memory (LSTM) to infer the pipette operation at the next time step. The assistance position is calculated from the spatial component with GMM and the time-series component with LSTM. We conducted a participant experiment using mature porcine oocytes as targets for manipulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system. The results indicated that, compared to the conventional system, the proposed system reduced the pipette operation time for single-oocyte rotation and the cell damage caused by the pipette-oocyte collision by approximately 27.0 % and 82.0 %, respectively. Therefore, the proposed system is expected to enable beginners to reproduce high-level skills and address the shortage of experts.

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Quality of oocytes in prepubertal and pubertal swine

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Cumulus‐oocyte complexes from sows show differences in lipid metabolism compared to cumulus‐oocyte complexes from prepubertal gilts during in vitro maturation

Cumulus‐oocyte complexes from sows show differences in lipid metabolism compared to cumulus‐oocyte complexes from prepubertal gilts during in vitro maturation

Prevalence and Morphometric Evaluation of Cystic Ovaries in Pigs Slaughtered in Tacloban City Abattoir, Philippines

Real-Time Spatiotemporal Assistance for Micromanipulation Using Imitation Learning

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