Quality of Life and Emotional Distress among HIV-Positive Women during Transition to Motherhood

Pereira, Marco; Canavarro, Maria Cristina

doi:10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n3.39416

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Being a mother with HIV often brings guilt, fears, prejudices (Carvalho & Piccinini, 2006;Pereira & Canavarro, 2012) and changes in women's reproductive choices, such as the decision not to have other children (Barnes & Murphy, 2009). One aspect that seems to cause more distress is the possibility of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV (Pereira, Dattilio, Canavarro, & Narciso, 2011; Sanders, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may suggest that mothers are, to some extent, coping well with the HIV diagnosis. It is possible that pregnancy and motherhood may have a protective effect for psychological wellbeing, i.e., pregnancy and early motherhood might have buffered the negative effects of the HIV diagnosis (Pereira & Canavarro, 2012;Vescovi et al, 2014). Moreover, it is plausible that these adolescents could be in denial, which is a common defense mechanism used in such situations (Bedimo, Bessinger, & Kissinger, 1998).…”

Section: Motherhood Among Adolescents With Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysing the experience of motherhood among adolescents living with HIV

Ritt

Pereira²

2017

Psychol. Community Health

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Aim: Adolescent motherhood is considered a condition of vulnerability that can be further complicated by the presence of HIV infection, but little is known about how adolescent mothers experience this process. The aim of this study was to analyse the experience of motherhood among adolescents living with HIV. Method: Seven mothers (15-21 years) recruited in specialized services in Porto Alegre/Brazil, whose babies' ages ranged from four to six months, were interviewed. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Results:The qualitative content analysis of the interviews revealed a positive vision of motherhood, related to satisfaction with the maternal role and personal fulfilment. Pregnancy and motherhood served to these adolescents as an encouragement for self-care. The mothers' difficulties were related to HIV and to the repercussions of this clinical condition, especially feelings of frustration and incompleteness of motherhood on the impossibility of breastfeeding, as well as fear facing the risk of MTCT. Conclusion: Future research of longitudinal design and with larger samples will be important to extend the knowledge of the specificities of this experience over time for young people of different ages and social backgrounds. When motherhood occurs during adolescence, the demands that are typical of this event (e.g., ability to adapt to their new role as a parent) overlap with those expected for their developmental stage (DeVito, 2010).Adolescent motherhood can be further complicated when occurring simultaneously with the presence of a medical condition such as HIV infection. Adolescent motherhood in the HIV context is, however, a theme that has been underrepresented in research. Most studies examining motherhood in this context largely focused on the experiences of adult women (Kennedy et al., 2014; Sanders, 2008). Existing studies that involved adolescents with HIV has mostly focused on topics such as pregnancy incidence (Elgalib et al., 2011) motherhood from the adolescents' point of view. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the experience of motherhood among adolescent mothers living with HIV.Motherhood entails the early assumption of various responsibilities by the adolescent, assuming roles for which she may still not be prepared. In the literature, it was not possible to identify a single pattern regarding the experience of motherhood among adolescents. While for some being a mother was a positive experience, others perceived it as a cause of frustration. Santos and Schor (2003) identified these two types of experiences among Brazilian adolescents, who were both happy about the greater maturity and autonomy, but also sad and distressed due to the lack of support for caring the baby. Recently, Smith, Skinner, and Fenwick (2012) also showed that adolescents reported a vision of motherhood as a positive experience that fostered an opportunity to reduce risk behaviours (e.g., use of drugs and alcohol), to demonstrate personal growth and to become independent.The presence ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motherhood Among Adolescents With Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the experience of motherhood among adolescents living with HIV

Ritt

Pereira²

2017

Psychol. Community Health

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“…Algumas dessas lacunas já foram anteriormente mencionadas na literatura Gonçalves & Piccinini, 2007), como a necessidade de se conhecer melhor a reação da gestante ao diagnóstico da seropositividade, uma vez que tal descoberta exige uma reorganização psíquica, tal como também apontado na literatura internacional (e.g., Hawkins et al, 2005;Pereira & Canavarro, 2012;Sanders, 2008). Além disso, é desde esse momento que começa a se construir a sua adesão ao TARV.…”

Section: Implicações Para a Investigaçãounclassified

“…Diante desse panorama, a adoção de medidas preventivas torna-se relevante, tendo em vista as possíveis repercussões da infecção para a gestante e o feto, tais como crescimento intra-uterino restrito, baixo peso para a idade gestacional (Abeyá et al, 2004;Brocklehurst & French, 1998;Ellis, Williams, Graves, & Lindsay, 2002), prematuridade e maior prevalência de cardiopatia fetal e de alterações da quantidade de líquido amniótico (Lopes et al, 2007). É nesta linha que a gravidez surge como um ponto crítico de reflexão sobre como responder à infecção por VIH (Pereira & Canavarro, 2012;Sanders, 2008;Sherr, 2005).…”

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“…Mesmo naqueles casos em que a situação se mostra favorável, em termos econômicos e psicossociais, há sempre um rearranjo e uma readaptação para incluir o novo membro da família (Boss, 2002). Entretanto, quando a gravidez vem associada a uma condição médica, como a seropositividade para VIH, presume-se que a situação pode tornar-se mais complexa (Carvalho & Piccinini, 2006Gonçalves & Piccinini, 2007;Pereira & Canavarro, 2012). Nesses casos, a mulher estará exposta a um nível mais alto de estresse, devido às preocupações relativas não apenas à gestação, mas também à própria saúde e ao tratamento anti-retroviral (Lourenço & Afonso, 2009).…”

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Experiência da gravidez em situação de seropositividade para o VIH: Revisão da literatura brasileira

Pereira

Dores

Ritt

et al. 2014

Análise Psicológica

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Gerar um filho no contexto da seropositividade para VIH/Sida pode ser uma experiência emocionalmente difícil para as mulheres. No presente estudo, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura brasileira da última década (2000-2010) sobre a temática da experiência da gravidez em situação de seropositividade para VIH no Brasil, tendo-se identificado 20 estudos. Mais especificamente, objetivou-se identificar aspectos relevantes para futuras investigações e intervenções psicológicas junto a essa clientela. Os resultados apontaram para experiências típicas do período gestacional, como contato afetivo com o bebê e preocupação com a sua saúde, assim como experiências particulares impostas pela seropositividade, como frustração diante da expectativa da não-amamentação e medo da transmissão vertical. O apoio social destacou-se como aspecto facilitador da adesão ao tratamento e do manejo da infecção. Os resultados encontrados permitem identificar aspectos relevantes para investigações futuras no Brasil e fornecem pistas para a intervenção psicológica junto à população seropositiva.Palavras-chave: Gravidez, Seropositividade, VIH/Sida, Revisão da Literatura, Brasil.

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Mental Health of HIV-Seropositive Women During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period: A Comprehensive Literature Review

et al. 2014

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With growing numbers of HIV-seropositive (HIV+) women of child-bearing age and increased access to effective clinical protocols for preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, mental health-related factors have become increasingly relevant due to their potential to affect the women’s quality of life, obstetric outcomes and risk of MTCT. This review synthesizes evidence from 53 peer-reviewed publications examining mental health-related variables in pregnant and postpartum HIV+ women. The presentation of results is organized by the level of socioeconomic resources in the countries where studies were conducted (i.e., high-, middle-, and low-income countries). It is concluded that psychiatric symptoms, particularly depression, and mental health vulnerabilities (e.g., inadequate coping skills) are widespread among pregnant HIV+ women globally and have a potential to affect psychological well-being, quality of life and salient clinical outcomes. The current body of evidence provides rationale for developing and evaluating clinical and structural interventions aimed at improving mental health outcomes and their clinical correlates in pregnant HIV+ women.

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Quality of Life and Emotional Distress among HIV-Positive Women during Transition to Motherhood

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Analysing the experience of motherhood among adolescents living with HIV

Analysing the experience of motherhood among adolescents living with HIV

Experiência da gravidez em situação de seropositividade para o VIH: Revisão da literatura brasileira

Mental Health of HIV-Seropositive Women During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period: A Comprehensive Literature Review

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