Quality of Experience of hand controller latency in a virtual reality simulator

Abstract

In this study, we investigate a VR simulator of a forestry crane used for loading logs onto a truck, mainly looking at Quality of Experience (QoE) aspects that may be relevant for task completion, but also whether there are any discomfort related symptoms experienced during task execution. A QoE test has been designed to capture both the general subjective experience of using the simulator and to study task performance. Moreover, a specific focus has been to study the effects of latency on the subjective experience, with regards to delays in the crane control interface. A formal subjective study has been performed where we have added controlled delays to the hand controller (joystick) signals. The added delays ranged from 0 ms to 800 ms. We found no significant effects of delays on the task performance on any scales up to 200 ms. A significant negative effect was found for 800 ms added delay. The Symptoms reported in the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) was significantly higher for all the symptom groups, but a majority of the participants reported only slight symptoms. Two out of thirty test persons stopped the test before finishing due to their symptoms.

Joint effects of depth-aiding augmentations and viewing positions on the quality of experience in augmented telepresence

“…The above Fig. 1 Photo of VR-headset based crane operation from inside a truck cabin-a case of augmented telepresence in an industrial application [10] definition of QoE, which is also pointed out by Möller and Raake in [15], goes beyond the traditional QoE and Quality of Service (QoS) research and makes an overlap with the User Experience (UX) research tradition, by incorporating the experience and behaviour of users when being confronted with systems or services [16][17][18].…”

“…In particular, immersive telepresence systems for vehicle operation are fast becoming a reality in industrial applications [9,10], thanks to the push towards 5G low-latency communications. AR is likewise gaining traction as a method for assisting operators in performing specialized tasks [5,6], leading to Augmented Telepresence applications for industry, in use cases like the remote operation of truck mounted forestry cranes shown in Fig.…”

View Position Impact on QoE in an Immersive Telepresence System for Remote Operation

“…However, the influence on gaming QoE when simulating the operation of a forklift in VR was compared to that of a 2D-simulation by evaluating the perceived presence, usability and user emotion [13]. Other works related to this topic are [5], [14]. For the impact of camera position on tele-operation of a robot, earlier work has been done where different camera position and display presentations where used to improve the robot tele-operation in rough terrain conditions in terms of navigating and time for task completion [15].…”

“…In this study, we investigate the effect of camera view position for immersive telepresence systems, focusing on QoE [1], [2] aspects as well as a task completion metric. We distinguish immersive telepresence from augmented telepresence [3]- [5] only by the lack of augmentations. The target applications are immersive video-based telepresence systems for industrial uses such as forestry cranes [5], that let an operator control machines from a safe location using a Head-Mounted Display (HMD).…”

“…We distinguish immersive telepresence from augmented telepresence [3]- [5] only by the lack of augmentations. The target applications are immersive video-based telepresence systems for industrial uses such as forestry cranes [5], that let an operator control machines from a safe location using a Head-Mounted Display (HMD). The safety aspects and operator accuracy of such a system may be dependent on the camera position, which defines the remote operator's view of the environment.…”