Quality of 3D magnetic resonance imaging of coronary arteries in patients with D-transposition of the great arteries after the Jatene switch procedure

Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance/European Society of Cardiovascular Imaging/American Society of Echocardiography/Society for Pediatric Radiology/North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging Guidelines for the Use of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Pediatric Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease: Endorsed by The American Heart Association

“… 162 , 163 Whole-heart CMR (3D balanced bSSFP, contrast enhanced inversion recovery gradient echo imaging using gadolinium or ferumoxytol) enables accurate detection of the abnormal origin and course of the coronary arteries even in very young patients with CHD 164 , 165 and patients with TGA after ASO are no exception. 166 Thus, evaluation of the coronary origins and courses routinely added to the CMR protocol 167 (see section on CMR for coronary arteries).…”

“… 172 In 100 patients after ASO, Rodriguez et al studied 100 whole heart 3D CMRs and found coronary artery stenosis in nearly 11%. 166 …”

“…172 In 100 patients after ASO, Rodriguez et al studied 100 whole heart 3D CMRs and found coronary artery stenosis in nearly 11%. 166 Imaging coronary artery walls for vasculopathy in transplant patients 247 including those in the pediatric age range 248 and in other diseases such as Takayasu's arteritis 249 is an emerging application of CMR coronary imaging but should be considered experimental at this time.…”

Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance/European Society of Cardiovascular Imaging/American Society of Echocardiography/Society for Pediatric Radiology/North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging Guidelines for the use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in pediatric congenital and acquired heart disease

“…Moreover, it is still unclear whether this steep angle of origin may promote stenosis long term [ 162 , 163 ]. Whole-heart CMR (3D balanced bSSFP, contrast enhanced inversion recovery gradient echo imaging using gadolinium or ferumoxytol) enables accurate detection of the abnormal origin and course of the coronary arteries even in very young patients with CHD [ 164 , 165 ] and patients with TGA after ASO are no exception [ 166 ]. Thus, evaluation of the coronary origins and courses routinely added to the CMR protocol [ 167 ] (see section on CMR for coronary arteries).…”

“…Taylor et al reported in a prospective study of 50 asymptomatic pediatric TGA patients after ASO (age range 6–16 years) a comprehensive CMR examination including coronary artery CMR, cine imaging for ventricular function, and myocardial characterization for scarring [ 172 ]. In 100 patients after ASO, Rodriguez et al studied 100 whole heart 3D CMRs and found coronary artery stenosis in nearly 11% [ 166 ].…”