Quality assurance in radiotherapy by in vivo dosimetry. 1. Entrance dose measurements, a reliable procedure

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Liver Cancer: A Review of the Technology

“…Tsai also commented that the use of noncoplanar beam was particularly beneficial for treating left-sided tumour due to the shape of the liver and its location relative to the normal tissues [65]. Nevertheless, the need for couch rotation is associated with larger uncertainties [68], possibly due to longer setup time and unintended displacement caused by sudden abrupt motion of the couch.…”

Three‐dimensional radiotherapy of head and neck and esophageal carcinomas: A monoisocentric treatment technique to achieve improved dose distributions

“…The use of semi-conductor diodes for patient dose verification has been discussed in the literature [17][18]. For each treatment site (the head and neck and esophagus), one diode was placed on the skin surface at the appropriate CT level containing the point of dose prescription.…”

Dose verifications by use of liquid ionization chamber of an electronic portal imaging device (EPID)

“…On the other hand, in some methods, dose verification is performed by comparison of the calculated dose obtained from the TPS with the measured dose. Currently, the measured doses are acquired by use of semiconductor detectors attached to a body surface [6], and the exit doses transmitted by the human body are measured by the film method [7,8]. However, when a semiconductor is used, the doses can be measured simultaneously at only a few points.…”