Quality Assessment of Bovine and Equine Colostrum – An Overview

Schneider, Florian; Wehrend, Axel

doi:10.17236/sat00205

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Mean colostral concentrations of IgG, IgM, and IgA have been reported as 8911.9 ± 6282.2 mg/dl, 957 ± 1088.1 mg/dl, and 122.9 ± 77.3 mg/dl, respectively [51]. Density of colostrum has been used as a surrogate read-out of IgG levels and, for equine colostrum, has been suggested to be 1060 g/l [52]. In the cow, refractive index has also been shown to correlate with IgG concentration [53] and it is asserted that good quality equine colostrum should have a 23% brix value [52].…”

Section: Colostrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Density of colostrum has been used as a surrogate read-out of IgG levels and, for equine colostrum, has been suggested to be 1060 g/l [52]. In the cow, refractive index has also been shown to correlate with IgG concentration [53] and it is asserted that good quality equine colostrum should have a 23% brix value [52]. As might be anticipated, weight loss in the pregnant mare may impact colostrum quality and milk yield [54].…”

Section: Colostrummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Pathology of the Equine Mammary Gland

Hughes

2020

J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia

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An understanding of the anatomy, histology, and development of the equine mammary gland underpins study of the pathology of diseases including galactorrhoea, agalactia, mastitis, and mammary tumour development. This review examines the prenatal development of the equine mammary gland and the striking degree to which the tissue undergoes postnatal development associated with the reproductive cycle. The gland is characterised by epithelial structures arranged in terminal duct lobular units, similar to those of the human breast, supported by distinct zones of intra- and interlobular collagenous stroma. Mastitis and mammary carcinomas are two of the most frequently described equine mammary pathologies and have an overlap in associated clinical signs. Mastitis is most frequently associated with bacterial aetiologies, particularly Streptococcus spp., and knowledge of the process of post-lactational regression can be applied to preventative husbandry strategies. Equine mammary tumours are rare and carry a poor prognosis in many cases. Recent studies have used mammosphere assays to reveal novel insights into the identification and potential behaviour of mammary stem/progenitor cell populations. These suggest that mammospheres derived from equine cells have different growth dynamics compared to those from other species. In parallel with studying the equine mammary gland in order to advance knowledge of equine mammary disease at the interface of basic and clinical science, there is a need to better understand equine lactational biology. This is driven in part by the recognition of the potential value of horse and donkey milk for human consumption, particularly donkey milk in children with ‘Cow Milk Protein Allergy’.

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Section: Colostrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Colostrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Pathology of the Equine Mammary Gland

Hughes

2020

J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia

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“…Während über bestimmte Inhaltsstoffe im bovinen Kolostrum wie zum Beispiel Immunglobuline 5 , 6 , Vitamine 7 , Wachstumsfaktoren 8 und Leukozyten 9 umfangreiche wissenschaftliche Arbeiten vorliegen, ist das Wissen über die Anti-Trypsin-Aktivität im Kolostrum noch begrenzt.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Trypsin-Inhibitor-Aktivität im Kolostrum – eine Übersicht

Trzebiatowski

Georgiev

Wehrend

2022

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere

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ZusammenfassungDie wichtige Rolle von Kolostrum für das Immunsystem des Neonaten ist lange bekannt. Proteine und vor allem Immunglobuline müssen nach der Aufnahme den Verdauungstrakt mit seinen proteolytischen Enzymen intakt passieren, um in den neonatalen Kreislauf aufgenommen werden zu können. Aus diesem Grund weist Kolostrum eine trypsininhibitorische Aktivität auf. Die Anti-Trypsin-Aktivität wird dabei nicht nur von einem einzigen Molekül getragen, sondern ist eine generelle Eigenschaft des Erstkolostrums. Bei Paarhufern lässt sich eine hohe Trypsin-Inhibition nachweisen, die in den ersten Tagen der Laktation stark abfällt. Auch beim Pferd ist eine Trypsin-Inhibition im Kolostrum festzustellen. Die Bedeutung wird in der Literatur kontrovers diskutiert, weil die Anti-Trypsin-Aktivität im Vergleich zu den Klauentieren geringer ausgeprägt ist und weniger Stabilität im sauren Milieu zeigt. Im Kolostrum von Fleischfressern findet sich ebenfalls eine Anti-Trypsin-Aktivität, die jedoch weniger stark ausgeprägt ist als bei den Huftieren. Diese Literaturübersicht hat zum Ziel, das bekannte Wissen zur Anti-Trypsin-Aktivität im Kolostrum verschiedener Spezies zusammenzufassen.

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“…Furthermore, bovine colostrum has a wider range of content fluctuations in protein, solids‐not‐fat, fat, water, and other compositions because of various factors such as feeding and lactation time. It is hard to accurately evaluate the colostrum quality only by physical properties such as composition, particle size distribution, density, and viscosity 3‐5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is hard to accurately evaluate the colostrum quality only by physical properties such as composition, particle size distribution, density, and viscosity. [3][4][5] Traditional chromatography technology, such as high-performance liquid chromatography 6 and gas chromatography, 7 and chemical analysis methods, such as radial immunodiffusion 8 and enzymatic assay, 9 have been widely used in milk detection. However, these approaches suffer from many drawbacks of long experiment time, high cost, and need for sample preparation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative identification of mature milk adulteration in bovine colostrum using noise‐reduced dielectric spectra and linear model

Yang

Zhu

et al. 2022

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND:The rapid and accurate identification of colostrum, a strong non-homogeneous food, remains a challenge. In the present study, the dielectric spectra including the dielectric constant (ε 0 ) and loss factor (ε 00 ) of 154 colostrum samples adulterated with 0-50% mature milk were measured from 20 to 4500 MHz. RESULTS:The results showed that the noise-reducing spectral preprocessing, including Savitzky-Golay (S-G), second derivative (SD), and S-G + SD, was significantly better than scattering-eliminating, including standard normal variate (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), and SNV + MSC. The combination of S-G and SD was the best. Principal component analysis results demonstrated that dielectric spectroscopy is less susceptible to the inhomogeneity of colostrum and can be used to identify doped colostrum. The identification performance of linear models was better than that of non-linear models. The established linear discriminant analysis model based on full spectra had the best accuracy rates of 99.14% and 97.37% in the calibration and validation sets, respectively. Confirmatory tests on samples from different sources confirmed the satisfactory robustness of the proposed model. CONCLUSION: We found that the main unfavorable effect on the identification based on dielectric spectroscopy was noise interference, rather than scattering effect caused by inhomogeneity of colostrum. The satisfactory results undoubtedly cast light on rapid detection of strongly non-homogeneous foods based on dielectric spectroscopy.

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Quality Assessment of Bovine and Equine Colostrum – An Overview

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Development and Pathology of the Equine Mammary Gland

Development and Pathology of the Equine Mammary Gland

Trypsin-Inhibitor-Aktivität im Kolostrum – eine Übersicht

Qualitative identification of mature milk adulteration in bovine colostrum using noise‐reduced dielectric spectra and linear model

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