Qualitative-feed-restricted heavy swine: meat quality and morpho-histochemical characteristics of muscle fibers

This study evaluated chromium supplements and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in the diets of late finishing gilts. Sixty gilts were used, with initial weights of 98.87 ± 0.25 kg and final weights of 122.69 ± 10.97 kg, distributed in a randomized block design with five diets: control; yeast chromium (0.8 ppm); chromium picolinate (0.48 ppm); ractopamine (20 ppm) and energy restriction (reduction of 150 kcal of EM kg-1 of feed), with six replicates and two animals per experimental unit. Feeding diet containing ractopamine enabled better (P<0.05) feed conversion and greater weights of the hot carcass of the gilts. The diet containing ractopamine exhibited a lower (P<0.05) cost of feed per kilogram of gain and higher economic efficiency, when compared to diets containing chromium and energy restriction; these exhibited better outcomes, compared to the control diet. Diets supplemented with chromium and ractopamine resulted in a higher (P<0.05) percentage and quantity of lean meat and a higher rate of carcass bonus, when compared to the control diet and energy restriction. The energy reduction did not harm the gilts’ responses, compared to the control diet. Ractopamine supplementation allowed for a better feed conversion, lower feed cost per kilogram of gain, and a higher economic efficiency index. Supplements of chromium and ractopamine increased the percentage and quantity of lean meat and the bonus index of the carcasses. Therefore, chromium picolinate and chromium yeast are potential substitutes for ractopamine for optimizing the gilts carcass characteristics.

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“…reported by FRAGA et al (2009), where up to 20% feed restriction in pigs in the finishing phase did not alter the daily feed intake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Chromium and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in finishing gilts diet

et al. 2022

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“…For pigs, Fraga et al (2009) determined the three fiber types using only incubation at pH 10.5. Another important issue that can be discussed refers to staining methods that use substances with barbital sodium in the formula (Padykula & Herman 1955, Dubowitz 1985, which, in many countries, requires an authorization issued by local regulatory authorities prior to acquisition thus, hampering its use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, several studies with different mammalian species have been published over the last twenty years such as dogs (Latorre et al 1993), pigs (Fraga et al 2009) and horses (D' Angelis et al 2005). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of metachromatic staining method of myofibrillar ATPase activity of myosin to skeletal striated muscle of mules and donkeys

et al. 2014

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(9):917-922, setembro 2014 917 RESUMO.-[Padronização do método de coloração metacromático da atividade da miosina ATPase miofibrilar para músculo estriado esquelético de muares e asininos.] O presente estudo objetivou padronizar o pH e a temperatura da pré-incubação e incubação do método de coloração metacromática de myofibrillar atividade ATPase da miosina (mATPase) utilizada para asininos e muares.Vinte e quatro jumentos e 10 muares, sete machos e três fêmeas, foram usados no estudo. De cada animal, fragmentos do músculo Gluteus medius foram coletados e biópsia muscular percutânea foi realizada por meio de uma agulha Bergström tipo de 6,0 mm. Em adição ao método de coloração metacromática de mATPase, a técnica de nicotinamida adenina dinucleótido tetrazólio redutase (NADH-TR) foi também realizada para confirmar os dados histoquímicos. O resultado histoquímico da mATPase por pré-incubação ácida (pH=4,50) e incubação alcalina (pH=10,50), a uma temperatura de 37 o C, foi o que proporcionou a melhor diferenciação das fibras coradas com azul de toluidina. As fibras musculares foram identificadas de acordo com as seguintes cores: tipo I (oxidativa, azul claro), tipo IIA (oxidativo-glico- This study aims at standardizing the pre-incubation and incubation pH and temperature used in the metachromatic staining method of myofibrillar ATPase activity of myosin (mATPase) used for asses and mules. Twenty four donkeys and 10 mules, seven females and three males, were used in the study. From each animal, fragments from the Gluteus medius muscle were collected and percutaneous muscle biopsy was performed using a 6.0-mm Bergström-type needle. In addition to the metachromatic staining method of mATPase, the technique of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) was also performed to confirm the histochemical data. The histochemical result of mATPase for acidic pre-incubation (pH=4.50) and alkaline incubation (pH=10.50), at a temperature of 37 o C, yielded the best differentiation of fibers stained with toluidine blue. Muscle fibers were identified according to the following colors: type I (oxidative, light blue), type IIA (oxidative-glycolytic, intermediate blue) and type IIX (glycolytic, dark blue). There are no reports in the literature regarding the characterization and distribution of different types of muscle fibers used by donkeys and mules when performing traction work, cargo transportation, endurance sports (horseback riding) and marching competitions. Therefore, this study is the first report on the standardization of the mATPase technique for donkeys and mules.INDEX TERMS: Standardization, metachromatic staining method, myofibrillar ATPase activity of myosin, skeletal striated muscle, mules, donkeys, histochemistry.1 Received on October 10, 2013.Accepted for publication on July 27, 2014. lítico, azul intermediário) e tipo IIX (glycolytic, azul escuro). Na literatura, não foram encontradas publicações pertinentes à caracterização e distribuição dos diferentes tipos de fibr...

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Evaluation of pineapple byproduct at increasing levels in heavy finishing pigs feeding

Vasconcelos

Thomaz

Castelini

et al. 2020

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Qualitative-feed-restricted heavy swine: meat quality and morpho-histochemical characteristics of muscle fibers

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of different levels of qualitative feed restriction (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%)

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Chromium and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in finishing gilts diet

Chromium and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in finishing gilts diet

Standardization of metachromatic staining method of myofibrillar ATPase activity of myosin to skeletal striated muscle of mules and donkeys

Evaluation of pineapple byproduct at increasing levels in heavy finishing pigs feeding

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