Qualitative and Quantitative Characterisation of Major Elements in Particulate Matter from In-use Diesel Engine Passenger Vehicles by LIBS

Abstract

In this research we apply a high-resolution optical emission spectroscopy technique for spectrochemical analysis of collected diesel particulate matter. We use the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique (LIBS) for qualitative and quantitative measurements of major chemical elements present in the particulate matter generated from different diesel engine passenger vehicles in use. The high-resolution LIBS technique can instantly measure major chemical elements within the diverse particulate matter matrices.

Qualitative Characterisation of Trace Elements in Diesel Particulate Matter from In-Use Diesel Engine Passenger Vehicles by Means of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

“…Strong optical emission is from major spectral lines, particularly from carbon, iron, magnesium, aluminium, chromium, zinc, sodium and calcium. These elements were in previous research identified in PM as major components of diesel particulate matter [26].…”

“…From our previous research, we found out that minor chemical elements in diesel particulate matter are Si, Ni, Ti, K, Sr and Mo [28]. While major chemical elements C, Fe, Mg, Al, Cr, Zn, Na, Ca, O and H are forming the most important part of diesel particulate matter composition [26,27].…”

“…By using quantitative analytical LIBS approach, the maximum concentrations of major chemical elements in DPM from in-use Diesel engine passenger vehicles were measured as follows: Carbon up to ~ 64 weight percent (wt%), Fe ~ 54 wt%, Mg ~ 7 wt%, Al ~ 6 wt%, Cr ~ 6 wt%, Zn ~ 7 wt%, Na ~ 11 wt%, Ca ~13 wt%, for more details see Ref. [26,27].…”

“…Kiefer et al [24] have used laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in a partially premixed turbulent jet flame, and the group of Hsu et al [25] performed measurements of fuel air-ratio in methane-air flames at different pressures. The qualitative and quantitative characterisation of major chemical elements bound in different types of diesel particulate matter measured by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique has been studied by Viskup et al [26,27]. And the identification of minor chemical elements in diesel particulate matter by LIBS was studied by Viskup et al [28].…”

Qualitative and Quantitative Characterisation of Minor Chemical Elements in Diesel Particulate Matter by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

“…In laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy signal recorded from different diesel particulate matter samples are dominating spectral lines from carbon, iron, magnesium, aluminium, chromium, zinc, sodium, and calcium. These lines were identified as major chemical elements of diesel particulate matter, further details related to this topic are discussed in the reference [8,9].…”