Qualitative and quantitative analysis of ranitidine and its metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry

Simple and universal HPLC-UV method to determine cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine in urine: Application to the analysis of ranitidine and its metabolites in human volunteers

“…The limits of quantification were not reported in the previous HPLC assays for ranitidine and its metabolites [16,19,23].…”

“…More complex or sophisticated liquid chromatography methods have also been reported for the individual analysis of H 2 antagonists in urine, including HPLC-MS [19][20][21], paired-ion HPLC-UV [22][23] post-column florescence derivatisation [24], HPLC-TLC [25] and supercritical chromatography [26]. Most of these methods require either solid-phase or liquid-phase extraction procedures which are time consuming.…”

An Overview of Analytical Determination of Diltiazem, Cimetidine, Ranitidine, and Famotidine by UV Spectrophotometry and HPLC Technique

“…Prueksaritanont et al [172], Rahman et al, [173], and Viñas et al [174] established sensitive methods for the concurrent determination of RAN and its metabolites (RAN Noxide, RAN S-oxide, and desmethylranitidine) in human plasma and urine. Lant et al [175] developed an assay for RAN and all the above metabolites in biological fluids by a postcolumn fluorimetric derivatization. Quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of RAN and its metabolites were determined by a direct liquid introduction-RP HPLC-mass spectrometry system [176].…”

LC/MS applications in drug development

“…However, it was not until these analytical attributes could be harnessed into a reliable, reproducible, rugged, and high throughput instrument that mass spectrometry techniques could be taken seriously as an integral tool for drug development. Though perhaps indirect, the pioneering work performed with LC/MS interfaces that featured moving belt (Smith and Johnson, 1981;Hayes et al, 1983;Games et al, 1984), direct liquid introduction (DLI) (Yinon and Hwang, 1985;Lee and Henion, 1985;Lant et al, 1985), thermospray ionization (TSI) (Blakely and Vestal, 1983;Irabarne et al, 1983), and electrospray ionization (ESI) (Whitehouse et al, 1985;Bruins et al, 1987;Fenn et al, 1989) approaches certainly played a significant role in the acceptance of mass spectrometry as a routine tool for pharmaceutical analysis. Furthermore, added dimensions of mass analysis provide enhanced limits of detection for the analysis of complex mixtures and unique capabilities for structure identification.…”