Qualidade de mudas clonais de Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis em função do substrato

Abstract

R ESU M OConsiderando a crescente demanda por mudas florestais e a escassez de matérias-primas dos substratos utilizados para o crescimento das plantas, faz-se necessário avaliar novos componentes e formulações que assegurem a qualidade das mudas. Nesse experimento foram estudados o desenvolvimento e a qualidade de mudas clonais de Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis, provenientes de miniestacas, em função de nove composições de substrato produzidos a partir de vermiculita granulometria fina, casca de arroz carbonizada e fibra de coco em tubetes de 50 mL. Foram avaliados as propriedades físicas dos substratos, o desenvolvimento morfológico e a qualidade do sistema radicular das mudas, aos 90 dias após o estaqueamento. Os substratos com maior porosidade total promovem maior qualidade do sistema radicular o que, consequentemente, resulta em mudas com maior diâmetro, massa seca aérea e radicular e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson. Outros valores para as características físicas dos substratos, diferentes dos citados na literatura, também podem ser considerados adequados.Palavras-chave: sistema radicular, fibra de coco, eucalipto Quality of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis cuttings as a function of substrateA B ST R A C T Considering the increasing demand for seedlings of plants for aforestation and the scarcity of raw materials for the substrates used for plant growth, it is necessary to evaluate new components and formulations that ensure the quality of seedlings. In this experiment the development and quality of production of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis seedlings was studied through vegetative propagation, as a function of nine compositions of substrate, produced from fine-grained vermiculite, carbonized rice chaff and coconut fiber in hard plastic tubes of 50 mL as containers. The physical properties of substrates and morphological development and the quality of the root system of seedlings were evaluated at 90 days after staking. The substrates with higher total porosity promotes better quality of the root system, which consequently results in cuttings with larger diameter, shoot and root dry weight and Dickson Quality Index. Other properties for the physical characteristics of substrates other than mentioned in literature can also be considered adequate.

CRESCIMENTO, NUTRIÇÃO E QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE Pouteria garderiana (A. DC.) RADLK. PRODUZIDAS EM SUBSTRATOS ORGÂNICOS

“…It is widely accepted that the use of cattle manure increases the availability of nutrients within the substrate, in addition to being a conditioning factor of substrates (CUNHA et al, 2006;PAIVA SOBRINHO, 2011;SILVA et al, 2012). Similar results of the macronutrients foliar contents also were obtained from swine manure (NADDAF et al, 2011).…”

“…The use of rice husks is common in the production of seedlings of forest species (SILVA et al, 2012;DELAMERLINA et al, 2014). The use of cattle manure as a component of substrate for seedlings is also appropriate and yields good results, as observed in Acacia sp.…”

Ranking of substrates based on Piptadenia gonoacantha morphological parameters

“…Results verified by Boene et al (2013) and Kratz et al (2015), with Sebastiania commersoniana and Mimosa scabrella seedlings, respectively, showed superior growth by combining CRH and CF when compared to using these as pure components. On the other hand, working with cloned seedlings of E. grandis x urophylla, the authors conclude that substrates of pure carbonized rice husk and pure coconut fiber are a viable alternative to produce eucalypt seedlings (Silva et al 2012).…”

Requerimiento Hídrico de Gmelina arborea en Etapa de Vivero Bajo Condiciones Controladas

“…Prieto et al (2007) afirma que, para establecer un sistema de producción forestal, es necesario conocer de forma precisa todos los aspectos referentes al desarrollo de la planta, aspectos que van desde las fases iniciales hasta la siembra en campo. La calidad de las plántulas en los viveros se ve afectada, principalmente, por los siguientes factores: los materiales genéticos, los manejos hídricos y nutricionales, y la composición de los sustratos (Gomes, 2013;Silva et al, 2012). Sin embargo, de entre los recursos que la planta necesita para su buen desarrollo, el agua es el recurso más abundante y, a su vez, el más limitante para la productividad (Gomes, 2013;Taiz & Zeiger, 2004); esto se debe a que, en la mayoría de los viveros, el manejo hídrico solamente se determina a través de un examen observacional de las plántulas, por lo que es posible que se esté aplicando una cantidad de agua superior o inferior a la que en realidad se requiere (Gomes, 2013).…”