QTL analysis of root morphology, flowering time, and yield reveals trade-offs in response to drought in Brassica napus

Fletcher, Richard S.; Mullen, Jack L.; Heiliger, Annie; McKay, John

doi:10.1093/jxb/eru423

Cited by 98 publications

(86 citation statements)

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“…No potential pleiotropic relationships were found between flowering time and root vigor, root biomass, and root length, suggesting common genetic control (Rahman and McClean 2013;Fletcher et al 2014). In reciprocal crosses between spring-type and winter-type B. napus, Rahman and McClean (2013) hypothesized a trigenic dominant control of root vigor, based on the segregation ratio of F2 populations.…”

Section: Genetic Control Of Traits Related To Nitrogen Uptake Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Several studies have addressed the genetic control of root system vigor in B. napus in the context of adaptation to various environmental conditions (Rahman and McClean 2013), especially drought stress (Fletcher et al 2014) and phosphorous stress (Yang et al 2010;Shi et al 2012). No potential pleiotropic relationships were found between flowering time and root vigor, root biomass, and root length, suggesting common genetic control (Rahman and McClean 2013;Fletcher et al 2014).…”

Section: Genetic Control Of Traits Related To Nitrogen Uptake Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed. A review

Bouchet

Laperche

Bissuel-Bélaygue

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

175

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Mineral nitrogen fertilization has improved crop yield over the last century but has also caused air and water pollution. Reduction of nitrogen inputs and maintaining high yields are therefore essential to ensure a more sustainable agriculture. Improving the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops is therefore needed. Rapeseed, Brassica napus, depends on nitrogen fertilization due to its low NUE, with the ratio of plant nitrogen content to nitrogen supplied often not exceeding 60 %. Here, we review the major phenotypic traits associated with NUE in B. napus, with special emphasis on winter oilseed rape. We discuss the genetic diversity available and potential breeding strategies. The major points are the following: (1) rapeseed seed yield elaboration is complex, with overlapping phases of nitrogen uptake and remobilization during the crop cycle; (2) traits related to nitrogen uptake, such as root length and the amount of nitrogen absorbed after flowering, and traits related to nitrogen remobilization, such as the "staygreen" phenotype, have been identified as possible levers to improve NUE in rapeseed; (3) a substantial body of studies investigating the genetic control of NUE traits have already published and potential candidate genes identified; and (4) rapeseed genetic diversity may be enriched by exploiting interpopulation genetic variation and the closely related gene pools of Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea.

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Section: Genetic Control Of Traits Related To Nitrogen Uptake Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Genetic Control Of Traits Related To Nitrogen Uptake Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed. A review

Bouchet

Laperche

Bissuel-Bélaygue

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

175

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…; winter wheat, Zhai et al ., ; canola, Fletcher et al . ), leaving uncertainty about the genetic control of plasticity in evolutionary systems (Ledon‐Rettig et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging environment determines the genetic architecture and evolutionary potential of trophic morphology in cichlid fishes

et al. 2016

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22Phenotypic plasticity allows organisms to change their phenotype in response to shifts in 23 the environment. While a central topic in current discussions of evolutionary potential, a 24 comprehensive understanding of the genetic underpinnings of plasticity is lacking in 25 systems undergoing adaptive diversification. Here we investigate the genetic basis of 26 phenotypic plasticity in a textbook adaptive radiation, Lake Malawi cichlid fishes. 27Specifically, we crossed two divergent species to generate an F 3 hybrid mapping 28 population. At early juvenile stages, hybrid families were split and reared in alternate 29 foraging environments that mimicked benthic/scraping or limnetic/sucking modes of 30 feeding. These alternate treatments produced variation in morphology that was broadly 31 2 similar to the major axis of divergence among Malawi cichlids, providing support for the 32 flexible stem theory of adaptive radiation. Next we found that the genetic architecture of 33 several morphological traits was highly sensitive to the environment. In particular, of 22 34 significant quantitative trait loci (QTL), only one was shared between environments. In 35 addition, we identified QTL acting across environments with alternate alleles being 36 differentially sensitive to the environment. Thus, our data suggest that while plasticity is 37 largely determined by loci specific to a given environment, it may also be influenced by 38 loci operating across environments. Finally, our mapping data provide evidence for the 39 evolution of plasticity via genetic assimilation at an important regulatory locus, ptch1. In 40 all, our data address longstanding discussions about the genetic basis and evolution of 41 plasticity. They also underscore the importance of the environment in affecting 42 developmental outcomes, genetic architectures, morphological diversity, and 43 evolutionary potential.

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“…An alternative strategy to drought escape is dehydration avoidance, the ability to maintain internal water status upon drought stress by reducing water loss and/or enhancing water uptake. In contrast to the drought escape strategy, B. napus and B. rapa accessions with longer flowering times can have increased WUE and larger root systems for increased water uptake (Mitchell-Olds, 1996;Franks, 2011;Fletcher et al, 2015). Because of the apparent tradeoff that exists between drought escape and dehydration avoidance, breeding for drought escape alone may have reduced the potential for drought tolerance among current varieties.…”

Section: Natural Variation In Drought Tolerance For Informing Breementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and systems approaches towards drought‐tolerant canola crops

Zhu

Monroe

Suhail³

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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1169I. 1170II. 1170III. 1172IV. 1176V. 1181VI. 11821183References1183 Summary Modern agriculture is facing multiple challenges including the necessity for a substantial increase in production to meet the needs of a burgeoning human population. Water shortage is a deleterious consequence of both population growth and climate change and is one of the most severe factors limiting global crop productivity. Brassica species, particularly canola varieties, are cultivated worldwide for edible oil, animal feed, and biodiesel, and suffer dramatic yield loss upon drought stress. The recent release of the Brassica napus genome supplies essential genetic information to facilitate identification of drought‐related genes and provides new information for agricultural improvement in this species. Here we summarize current knowledge regarding drought responses of canola, including physiological and ‐omics effects of drought. We further discuss knowledge gained through translational biology based on discoveries in the closely related reference species Arabidopsis thaliana and through genetic strategies such as genome‐wide association studies and analysis of natural variation. Knowledge of drought tolerance/resistance responses in canola together with research outcomes arising from new technologies and methodologies will inform novel strategies for improvement of drought tolerance and yield in this and other important crop species.

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QTL analysis of root morphology, flowering time, and yield reveals trade-offs in response to drought in Brassica napus

Abstract: Highlight textThis research is the first to examine the genetics of drought adaptive traits in Brassica napus and is supportive of an inherent trade-off between resource investment in reproduction and root development.

Cited by 98 publications

References 100 publications

Nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed. A review

Nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed. A review

Foraging environment determines the genetic architecture and evolutionary potential of trophic morphology in cichlid fishes

Molecular and systems approaches towards drought‐tolerant canola crops

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