Nanoscale nonlinear
optical (NLO) materials have received huge
attention of the scientists in current decades because of their enormous
applications in optics, electronics, and telecommunication. Different
studies have been conducted to tune the nonlinear optical response
of the nanomaterials. However, the role of alkali metal (Li, Na, K)
doping on triggering the nonlinear optical response of nanomaterials
by converting their centrosymmetric configuration into noncentrosymmetric
configuration is rarely studied. Therefore, to find a novel of way
of making NLO materials, we have employed density functional theory
(DFT) calculations, which helped us to explore the effect of alkali
metal (Li, Na, K) doping on the nonlinear optical response of tetragonal
graphene quantum dots (TGQDs). Ten new complexes of alkali metal doped
TGQDs are designed theoretically. The binding energy calculations
revealed the stability of alkali metal doped TGQDs. The NLO responses
of newly designed complexes are evaluated by their polarizability,
first hyperpolarizability (β
o
), and frequency dependent
hyperpolarizabilities. The Li@r8a exhibited the highest first hyperpolarizability
(β
o
) value of 5.19 × 10
5
au. All
these complexes exhibited complete transparency in the UV region.
The exceptionally high values of β
o
of M@TGQDs are
accredited to the generation of diffuse excess electrons, as indicated
by NBO analysis and PDOS. NCI analysis is accomplished to examine
the nature of bonding interactions among alkali metal atoms and TGQDs.
Our results suggest alkali metal doped TGQD complexes as potential
candidates for nanoscale NLO materials with sufficient stability and
enhanced NLO response. This study will open new doors for making giant
NLO response materials for modern hi-tech applications.