QoS Provisioning for Multimedia Applications on Ts by Adapting MPLS

Abstract

Multimedia applications require certain QoS guarantees to be met in order to function properly. QoS requirements for multimedia transmission include bandwidth guarantees and temporal guarantees (delay and jitter). Existing routing protocols on MANeTs are not adequate enough to deal with these necessities imposed by multimedia traffic. In this article, an adaptation of MPLS is proposed for MANeTs. MPLS and MLDP together are employed in MANeTs to provide QoS and traffic engineering for real time multimedia traffic. These protocols are implemented and tested in the OMNeT++ network simulator. This article describes in detail the design and implementation of MPLS and MLDP.

The Impact of Congenital Heart Diseases on Growth Parameters in Children and Their Correlations with Leptin Levels

“…It was concluded that children with CHD are at increased risk for poor growth parameters and reduced leptin levels in these patients suggesting a role for such hormone in regulating food intake, energy balance and maintenance of body weight. The abnormal hemodynamics and the hypermetabolic state of these patients will compromise nutrition and decreases IGF-1 synthesis with subsequent slowing of linear growth weight gain (20,16) .…”

“…It is considered as third congenital diseases in children and a leading cause of death in infant during first year of life (2) . It prevalence is 5 to 8 per 1000 live births that varied in different parts of the world, in a recent study the prevalence has been reported to be ranged 4 to 50 cases per 1000 live Births (2,14,16) .…”