q-plate for millimeter-wave orbital angular momentum manipulation

Maccalli, Stefania; Pisano, G.; Colafrancesco, S.; Maffei, B.; Ng, Ming Wah Richard; Gray, M. D.

doi:10.1364/ao.52.000635

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In this section, we discuss various state-of-the-art methods for generating OAM in the fields of light, radio, and sound waves. Because of the Cylindrical lenses [1], [11] Spiral phase plates (SPPs) [12] Holographic gratings [13]- [15] Spatial light modulators (SLMs) [16], [17] Metamaterials [20]- [24] Liquid crystal q-plates [25], [26] Spiral phase plates (SPPs) [29]- [31], [35], [36] Spiral reflectors [33], [34] Holographic gratings [32] Uniform circular antenna arrays (UCAAs) [2], [8], [37]- [41] Metamaterials [44]- [49] Dielectric q-plates [50] Spiral phase plates (SPPs) [51], [52] Uniform circular transducer arrays (UCTAs) [4], [55]- [58] Spiral diffraction gratings [59]- [62] Metamaterials [64]- [66] Optical OAM Radio OAM Acoustic OAM large number of methods discussed, Fig. 2 shows a diagram that summarizes a taxonomy of the techniques presented in this section.…”

Section: Generation Of Oam Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orbital Angular Momentum Waves: Generation, Detection, and Emerging Applications

Chen

Zhou

Moretti

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

249

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Orbital angular momentum (OAM) has aroused a widespread interest in many fields, especially in telecommunications due to its potential for unleashing new capacity in the severely congested spectrum of commercial communication systems. Beams carrying OAM have a helical phase front and a field strength with a singularity along the axial center, which can be used for information transmission, imaging and particle manipulation. The number of orthogonal OAM modes in a single beam is theoretically infinite and each mode is an element of a complete orthogonal basis that can be employed for multiplexing different signals, thus greatly improving the spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we comprehensively summarize and compare the methods for generation and detection of optical OAM, radio OAM and acoustic OAM. Then, we represent the applications and technical challenges of OAM in communications, including free-space optical communications, optical fiber communications, radio communications and acoustic communications. To complete our survey, we also discuss the state of art of particle manipulation and target imaging with OAM beams.

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Section: Generation Of Oam Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to metamaterials, also q-plates, made by carving a series of concentric rings on a dielectric plate, can be used to generate a vortex wave at radio frequencies [50]. Table II compares the most common methods of generating vortex waves at radio frequencies.…”

Section: B Radio Oammentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital Angular Momentum Waves: Generation, Detection, and Emerging Applications

Chen

Zhou

Moretti

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

249

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“…Beams carrying OAM can be generated in many ways: antenna array1112, spiral phase plate (SPP)1012, holographic plate1013 and inhomogeneous birefringent device called “q-plate”14. Among them, the spiral phase plate (SPP) is one of the common devices generating electromagnetic beams with OAM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Electromagnetic Waves with Arbitrary Orbital Angular Momentum Modes

Wang

Hao

2014

Sci Rep

227

110

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Recently, much attention has been focused on beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) for radio communication. Here we experimentally demonstrate a planar-spiral phase plate (planar-SPP) for generating arbitrary mixed OAM beams. This proposed planar-SPP uses the concept of transmit array antenna having a perforated substrate to control the outputting phase for generating beams carrying OAM with arbitrary modes. As demonstrations, three planar-SPPs with a single OAM mode and two mixed OAM modes around 94 GHz have been investigated with design and experiments in this paper, respectively. The typical experimental intensity and phase patterns show that the proposed method of generating OAM beams really works.

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“…The second scheme is based on the coupling characteristics of SAM, which transforms SAM into OAM beams with different modes by metasurfaces. This process occurs in inhomogeneous and anisotropic media, realizing the characteristics of q-board [25]. According to the momentum conservation law and Pancharatnam-Berry phase concept [26], the SAM could be converted to OAM, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Rotating Parabolicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Status and Prospects of Orbital Angular Momentum Technology in Wireless Communication

Zheng¹,

Chen²,

Ji³

et al. 2020

PIER

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It becomes more and more challenging to satisfy the long-term demand of transmission capacity in wireless networks if we limit our research within the frame of traditional electromagnetic wave characteristics (e.g., frequency, amplitude, phase and polarization). The potential of orbital angular momentum (OAM) for unleashing new capacity in the severely congested spectrum of commercial communication systems is generating great interest in wireless communication field. The OAM vortex wave/beam has different topological charges, which are orthogonal to each other. It provides a new way for multiplexing in wireless communications. Electromagnetic wave or synthetic beam carrying OAM has a spiral wavefront phase structure, which may provide a new degree of freedom or better orthogonality in spatial domain. In this paper, we introduce the fundamental theory of OAM. Then, OAM generation and reception methods are equally demonstrated. Furthermore, we present the latest development of OAM in wireless communication. We further discuss the controversial topic "whether OAM provides a new degree of freedom" and illustrate our views on the relationship between OAM and MIMO. Finally, we suggest some open research directions of OAM.

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q-plate for millimeter-wave orbital angular momentum manipulation

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Orbital Angular Momentum Waves: Generation, Detection, and Emerging Applications

Orbital Angular Momentum Waves: Generation, Detection, and Emerging Applications

Generation of Electromagnetic Waves with Arbitrary Orbital Angular Momentum Modes

Research Status and Prospects of Orbital Angular Momentum Technology in Wireless Communication

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