Pyrolysis and gasification kinetics of Jordanian oil-shales

Study of the Kinetics and Mechanisms of Thermal Decomposition of Moroccan Tarfaya Oil Shale and Its Kerogen

“…Mass loss has also been attributed to physical changes, such as softening and molecular rearrangement associated with the release of gases in kerogen prior to its decomposition to bitumen which may occur as well [19]. Above all, in this stage the predominant cause of mass loss is simply moisture and it is less.…”

“…For example, Gersten et al [25] showed a lateral shift in the maximum rate of weight loss of about 38 °C as the heating rate was increased from 5 to 50 K/min for Israel oil shale. Kök [5] and Jaber and Probert [7,19] also showed a lateral shift in the maximum rate of mass loss for the TGA of oilshale samples. This can be attributed to the variations in the rate of heat transfer with the change in the heating rate and the short exposure time to a particular temperature at higher heating rates [26], as well as the effect of the kinetics of decomposition [27].…”

Oil shale pyrolysis kinetics and variable activation energy principle

“…Physical changes, such as softening and molecular rearrangement that associated with the release of gases and structural water also have been reported [10] at temperatures lower than 500°C. The peak of loss occurring early in the vapor is attributed to the rapid evaporation of the organic material not chemically bonded to the kerogen network.…”

“…Several investigators [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] have modeled pyrolysis kinetics of oil shale utilizing data obtained from systems such as thermogravity, differential analyzers, differential scanning calorimeter and Rock-Eval analyzer. Others workers [13,14] suggested kinetic models for cracking reactions and weight loss measurements.…”

“…Most of the oil shale obtained data were fitted to a standard first order reaction model from which the kinetic parameters were determined. Some investigators have modeled Ellajjun oil shale kinetics [10] using single TGA results.…”