Pyrolysis and Combustion of Acetonitrile (CH{sub 3}CN)

Britt, P.F.

doi:10.2172/814574

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…So the grains of the support derived from Mg 2.6 Mn 0.4 Al LDHs due to the presence of manganese oxides may have enhanced number of edges and steps on the surface, which may be involved in resting of the diffused particles formed in CVD experiments. According to the literature, pyrolysis of CH 3 CN below 1000 °C leads to HCN, CH 4 and N-containing polymeric residue formed via polymerization of the initial products [41]. Defective manganese oxides provide large number of ''nucleation sites'', which participate in the growth of carbon deposit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-doped carbon materials produced by CVD with the compounds derived from LDHs

et al. 2022

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Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of various compositions, i.e. Mg–Al, Mg–Mn–Al, are applied as the precursors of metal oxides for the preparation of N-doped carbon materials via chemical vapour deposition (CVD) with acetonitrile (as carbon and nitrogen source) at 600 and 700 °C. The use of Mn-containing LDHs for the preparation of the carbon materials is a novelty. The impact of transition metal species, i.e. MnxOy, in a blend of metal oxides derived from LDHs on the amount of carbon deposit and its composition, morphology, textural and capacitive properties is investigated. Mn-containing species occurring in a mixture of metal oxides enhance the quantity of carbonaceous product compared to those derived from Mg–Al LDHs. Thermally heated Mg–Mn–Al LDHs contain structural defects due to manganese oxides, which promote the formation of carbon deposit, especially higher production of amorphous carbons. The addition of Mn into Mg–Al LDHs matrix leads to carbon particles with increased N-doping and enhanced volume of mesopores. Furthermore, graphitic domains occurring in the carbon materials obtained with Mg–Mn–Al LDHs are thicker than those in the corresponding samples obtained with Mg–Al LDHs as Mn-containing species influence the concentration and location of N-containing groups in graphitic array. The specific capacitance of the carbon materials produced by CVD with the compounds derived from Mg–Al LDHs or Mg–Mn–Al LDHs is comparable (20–25 μF cm−2). The formation of electrical double layer at electrode/electrolyte interface is easier for the carbon materials prepared at 700 °C than for the carbon materials prepared at 600 °C. The maximum charge is stored either in the shallow parts of carbon particles for the former, as they contain bottleneck mesopores, or in the deep parts of carbon particles for the latter, as they contain slit-shaped mesopores. Graphical abstract

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-doped carbon materials produced by CVD with the compounds derived from LDHs

et al. 2022

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“…Fast evaporation has been related to the inability of dichloromethane to successfully deposit the fungal pigments in wood [ 26 ]. In comparison, acetonitrile has a boiling point of 81.5 °C [ 45 ], giving it the second highest boiling point of solvents tested, just behind pyridine (115 °C) [ 46 ]. It is possible that there is an optimal solvent boiling temperature for the internal pigment deposit, since the higher boiling point of acetonitrile appears to work better for the internal deposition of fungal pigments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Carrier Solvents for Pigments Extracted from Spalting Fungi

et al. 2018

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The use of both naturally occurring and synthetic pigmented wood has been prevalent in woodcraft for centuries. Modern manifestations generally involve either woodworkers’ aniline dyes, or pigments derived from a special class of fungi known as spalting fungi. While fungal pigments are more renewable than anilines and pose less of an environmental risk, the carrier required for these pigments—dichloromethane (DCM)—is both problematic for humans and tends to only deposit the pigments on the surface of wood instead of evenly within the material. Internal coloration of wood is key to adoption of a pigmenting system by woodworkers. To address this issue, five solvents that had moderate solubility with the pigments extracted from Chlorociboria aeruginosa and Scytalidium cuboideum were identified, in the hopes that a reduction in solubility would result in a greater amount of the pigment deposited inside the wood. Of the tested solvents, acetonitrile was found to produce the highest internal color in ash, Douglas-fir, madrone, mountain hemlock, Port-Orford cedar, Pacific silver fir, red alder and sugar maple. While these carrier solvents are not ideal for extracting the pigments from the fungi, acetonitrile in particular does appear to allow for more pigment to be deposited within wood. The use of acetonitrile over DCM offers new opportunities for possible industrial spalting applications, in which larger pieces of wood could be uniformly pigmented and sold to the end user in larger quantities than are currently available with spalted wood.

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“…and lead to nitrile species. [40] This hypothesis is strengthened by the fact that thermal degradation of nitriles yields HCN species, [41] as observed by TG-MS (results not reported). Absorption band at 2363 cm À 1 for the MO4/1-550 sample is related to fluctuation of the CO 2 amount inside the spectrometer during measurements.…”

Section: Physicochemical Characterizations Of C-rich C 3 Nmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Absorption band at 2363 cm À 1 for the MO4/1-550 sample is related to fluctuation of the CO 2 amount inside the spectrometer during measurements. [41] Raman spectra of the samples MC1.5/1-550, MC6/1-550, MT2.5/1-550, MT6/1-550, MC4/1-550 (black color) and MO4/1-550 (brownish color) are shown in (Figure 9a and b). The use of two different excitation wavelengths (488 and 532 nm) was necessary to overcome luminescence phenomena which yield poorly resolved spectra for some samples.…”

Section: Physicochemical Characterizations Of C-rich C 3 Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the C/N Ratio of C‐Rich Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C₃N₄) Materials by the Melamine/Carboxylic Acid Adduct Route

Gashi

Parmentier

Fioux

et al. 2022

Chemistry A European J

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C-rich graphitic carbonitride materials (CN x ) with a large range of compositions have been prepared thanks to the self-assembly, in different ratios, of melamine (M) and a panel of polycarboxylic acids (A) such as oxalic, tartaric and citric acid. The thermal conversion of the formed adducts (MA y ), led to CN x phases, with x ranging from 0.66 to 1.4 (x = 1.33 for g-C 3 N 4 for comparison). The properties of these materials were examined by different techniques (XRD, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, TGA, XPS and DRIFT). It appears that the increase in the C content is associated with the disappearance of the long-range order of heptazine units and an increase in the sub-nanometer carbon-rich cluster size within the graphitic g-C 3 N 4 structure. This trend is followed by a significant increase in the interlayer spacing and a lower proportion of N=CÀ N bonds compared to C=C bonds. The thermal stability under an inert atmosphere of these phases and their UV-Visible absorbance properties were also investigated.

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Pyrolysis and Combustion of Acetonitrile (CH{sub 3}CN)

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

N-doped carbon materials produced by CVD with the compounds derived from LDHs

N-doped carbon materials produced by CVD with the compounds derived from LDHs

Alternative Carrier Solvents for Pigments Extracted from Spalting Fungi

Tuning the C/N Ratio of C‐Rich Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C₃N₄) Materials by the Melamine/Carboxylic Acid Adduct Route

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Pyrolysis and Combustion of Acetonitrile (CH{sub 3}CN)

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

N-doped carbon materials produced by CVD with the compounds derived from LDHs

N-doped carbon materials produced by CVD with the compounds derived from LDHs

Alternative Carrier Solvents for Pigments Extracted from Spalting Fungi

Tuning the C/N Ratio of C‐Rich Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C3N4) Materials by the Melamine/Carboxylic Acid Adduct Route

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Tuning the C/N Ratio of C‐Rich Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C₃N₄) Materials by the Melamine/Carboxylic Acid Adduct Route