Pyroelectricity: From Ancient Curiosity to Modern Imaging Tool

Lang, Sidney B.

doi:10.1063/1.2062916

Cited by 559 publications

(449 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The detection bandwidth of our measurement setup is 0.125 Hz and the noise floor level is measured to be 0.1 mV. Based on the definition provided in [28], the noise equivalent power (NEP) and the area-normalized detectivity of the IR detector are determined to be 4.04 * 10 -5 W/√Hz and 1237.6 cm√Hz/W, respectively. In addition, adding the plasmonic crystal structure reduces the responsivity of the IR detector at other wavelengths.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Responsivity of Uncooled Infrared Detectors Using Plasmonics for High-Performance Infrared Spectroscopy

Ahmed¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:A lead zirconate titanate [PZT;Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3] layer embedded infrared (IR) detector decorated with wavelength-selective plasmonic crystals has been investigated for high-performance non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy. A plasmonic IR detector with an enhanced IR absorption band has been designed based on numerical simulations, fabricated by conventional microfabrication techniques, and characterized with a broadly tunable quantum cascade laser. The enhanced responsivity of the plasmonic IR detector at specific wavelength band has improved the performance of NDIR spectroscopy and pushed the limit of detection (LOD) by an order of magnitude. In this paper, a 13 fold enhancement in the LOD of a methane gas sensing using NDIR spectroscopy is demonstrated with the plasmonic IR detector.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Responsivity of Uncooled Infrared Detectors Using Plasmonics for High-Performance Infrared Spectroscopy

Ahmed¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…10,252 In addition, pyroelectric materials can act as energy scavengers, 253 whereby electrical energy can be created from wasted heat in an electronic circuit. 254 Owing to their high dielectric permittivity, ferroelectrics also find extensive use as 80 capacitors in electronic industry. 11,243,249 Apart from the niche applications mentioned above, the latest developments in the use of nanoferroelectrics are summarised in the following section.…”

Section: Applications Of Nanoscale Ferroelectric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferroelectric nanoparticles, wires and tubes: synthesis, characterisation and applications

2013

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Nanostructured materials are central to the evolution of future electronics and information technologies. Ferroelectrics have already been established as a dominant branch in the electronics sector because of their diverse application range such as ferroelectric memories, ferroelectric tunnel junctions, etc. The on-going dimensional downscaling of materials to allow packing of increased numbers of components onto integrated circuits provides the momentum for the evolution of nanostructured ferroelectric materials and devices. Nanoscaling of ferroelectric materials can result in a modification of their functionality, such as phase transition temperature or Curie temperature (TC), domain dynamics, dielectric constant, coercive field, spontaneous polarisation and piezoelectric response. Furthermore, nanoscaling can be used to form high density arrays of monodomain ferroelectric nanostructures, which is desirable for the miniaturisation of memory devices. This review article highlights some research breakthroughs in the fabrication, characterisation and applications of nanoscale ferroelectric materials over the last decade, with priority given to novel synthetic strategies

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“…The states become separable in high frequency dynamic regime due to the several orders of magnitude difference in the relaxation times of ferroelectric polarization and surface ions. This effect calls up with pyroelectric response under slow enough and fast enough temperature changes [25,26]. These studies provide an insight into mesoscopic properties of ferroelectric thin films, whose surface is exposed to electrochemically active gaseous surrounding, and potentially point out experimental pathways to explore them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoresponse of ferroelectric films in ferroionic states: Time and voltage dynamics

Morozovska

Eliseev

Morozovsky

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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The interplay between electrochemical surface charges and bulk ferroelectricity in thin films gives rise to a continuum of coupled ferro-ionic states. These states are exquisitely sensitive to chemical and electric conditions at the surfaces, applied voltage, and oxygen pressure. Using the analytical approach combining the Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire description of the ferroelectricity with Langmuir adsorption isotherm for the ions at the film surface, we have studied the temperature-, time-and field-dependent polarization changes and electromechanical response of the ferro-ionic states. The responses are found to be inseparable in thermodynamic equilibrium and at low frequencies of applied voltage. The states become separable in high frequency dynamic mode due to the several orders of magnitude difference in the relaxation times of ferroelectric polarization and surface ions charge density. These studies provide an insight into dynamic behavior of nanoscale ferroelectrics with open surface exposed to different kinds of electrochemically active gaseous surrounding.* Corresponding author. E-mail: sergei2@ornl.gov (S.V.K.) 1 Within 70 years, the development of perovskite ferroelectric applications has evolved from capacitor radio-ceramics bulk units [1,2], multifunctional piezoelectric thin sheet transducers [3,4] and pyroelectric thin layer detectors [5] to thin film ferroelectric memories [6,7]. From early 1970-ies to present there are growing demands to ferroelectric structures in chemotronics [ 8 ] and electrochemical sensorics [9] for design the new classes of sensing and converting devices. The first experiments [10,11, 12,13] have proved the interaction of the ferroelectric barium titanate, BaTiO 3 , surface with oxygen, hydrogen and methyl-alcohol molecules resulted in the significant influence on polarization reversal, dielectric permittivity and pyroelectric currents. Electric coupling between electrochemical surface charges and bulk ferroelectricity gives rise to a chemical switching [14,15,16] and continuum of coupled ferro-ionic states [17,18] in ferroelectric thin films. These states are exquisitely sensitive to chemical and electric conditions at the film surfaces [14][15][16][17][18]. The analytical description of coupled ferro-ionic states was developed via the combination of Ginzburg-LandauDevonshire description of the film ferroelectric properties [19,20,21] Here, we explore the dynamic behavior of the ferro-ionic states in thin films, representing the polarization and electromechanical response as measured by the piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) [23,24]. We demonstrate that the piezoelectric responses in ferroelectric, ferro-ionic and nonferroelectric electret-like ionic states are inseparable at low frequencies of applied voltage. The states become separable in high frequency dynamic regime due to the several orders of magnitude difference in the relaxation times of ferroelectric polarization and surface ions. This effect calls up with pyroelectric response under slow enough and fa...

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Pyroelectricity: From Ancient Curiosity to Modern Imaging Tool

Abstract: Changes in the net dipole moment of certain materials form the basis for a broad range of IR detectors.

Cited by 559 publications

References 9 publications

Enhancing the Responsivity of Uncooled Infrared Detectors Using Plasmonics for High-Performance Infrared Spectroscopy

Enhancing the Responsivity of Uncooled Infrared Detectors Using Plasmonics for High-Performance Infrared Spectroscopy

Ferroelectric nanoparticles, wires and tubes: synthesis, characterisation and applications

Piezoresponse of ferroelectric films in ferroionic states: Time and voltage dynamics

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