Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation during pregnancy or labour for maternal and neonatal outcomes

Salam, Rehana A; Zuberi, Nadeem F.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar Ahmed

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000179.pub3

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with periodontitis in cross-sectional studies. A systematic review of randomized trials has suggested that Vitamin B6 supplementation decreases caries experience (Salam et al 2015).…”

Section: Are Periodontal Diseases Related To Diet? If So What Are Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases

Chapple

Bouchard

Cagetti

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

380

369

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Periodontal diseases and dental caries are the most common diseases of humans and the main cause of tooth loss. Both diseases can lead to nutritional compromise and negative impacts upon self‐esteem and quality of life. As complex chronic diseases, they share common risk factors, such as a requirement for a pathogenic plaque biofilm, yet they exhibit distinct pathophysiologies. Multiple exposures contribute to their causal pathways, and susceptibility involves risk factors that are inherited (e.g. genetic variants), and those that are acquired (e.g. socio‐economic factors, biofilm load or composition, smoking, carbohydrate intake). Identification of these factors is crucial in the prevention of both diseases as well as in their management. Aim To systematically appraise the scientific literature to identify potential risk factors for caries and periodontal diseases. Methods One systematic review (genetic risk factors), one narrative review (role of diet and nutrition) and reference documentation for modifiable acquired risk factors common to both disease groups, formed the basis of the report. Results & Conclusions There is moderately strong evidence for a genetic contribution to periodontal diseases and caries susceptibility, with an attributable risk estimated to be up to 50%. The genetics literature for periodontal disease is more substantial than for caries and genes associated with chronic periodontitis are the vitamin D receptor (VDR), Fc gamma receptor IIA (Fc‐γRIIA) and Interleukin 10 (IL10) genes. For caries, genes involved in enamel formation (AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TUFT, MMP20, and KLK4), salivary characteristics (AQP5), immune regulation and dietary preferences had the largest impact. No common genetic variants were found. Fermentable carbohydrates (sugars and starches) were the most relevant common dietary risk factor for both diseases, but associated mechanisms differed. In caries, the fermentation process leads to acid production and the generation of biofilm components such as Glucans. In periodontitis, glycaemia drives oxidative stress and advanced glycation end‐products may also trigger a hyper inflammatory state. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as for vitamin C, vitamin D or vitamin B12, may be related to the onset and progression of both diseases. Functional foods or probiotics could be helpful in caries prevention and periodontal disease management, although evidence is limited and biological mechanisms not fully elucidated. Hyposalivation, rheumatoid arthritis, smoking/tobacco use, undiagnosed or sub‐optimally controlled diabetes and obesity are common acquired risk factors for both caries and periodontal diseases.

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Section: Are Periodontal Diseases Related To Diet? If So What Are Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases

Chapple

Bouchard

Cagetti

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

380

369

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other vitamins may play equally important roles but have not been as extensively studied. For instance, controlled trial evidence has suggested a role for vitamin B6 in dental caries prevention (Salam et al 2015). Vitamin K appears to be another promising candidate in the protection against dental caries (Southward 2015).…”

Section: Advice For Pregnant Women and Mothers Of Young Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, dental caries and periodontal disease: a narrative review

Hujoel

Lingström

2017

J Clinic Periodontology

173

125

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Aim To provide a narrative review of the role of macro‐ and micronutrients in relation to dental caries, gingival bleeding and destructive periodontal disease. Materials & Methods This review is based on systematic reviews (when available) and comparative human studies. Results Dental caries cannot develop without the presence of dietary fermentable carbohydrates, in particular sugar. The susceptibility to develop caries in the presence of carbohydrates may be influenced by genetics and micronutrients such as vitamin D. Gingival bleeding and destructive periodontal disease are sensitive markers to both abnormalities in macronutrient content (excessive carbohydrates or poly‐unsaturated fat intake, deficient protein intake) and micronutrient intake (e.g. vitamin C and B12). Conclusion Dental caries and periodontal diseases are a sensitive alarm bell for an unhealthy diet, which predicts the future onset of the diseases of civilizations.

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“…1), siendo la dosis máxima 100 mg/día. Su suplementación puede ser útil para reducir náuseas, preeclampsia, obtener mayores pesos y puntuaciones de Apgar en el recién nacido y proteger contra las caries dentales y ciertas malformaciones congénitas (31). Actualmente no existe suficiente evidencia para establecer su administración regular mediante suplementos.…”

Section: Piridoxinaunclassified

Suplementos en gestación: últimas recomendaciones

2016

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Pregnancy is a challenge from the nutritional point of view, because nutrient requirements are increased and alter its intake can affect maternal and fetal health. Micronutrient defi ciency states are related to preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, abortion and congenital anomalies. Currently, the diet of many expectant mothers is insuffi cient in micronutrients, in this cases supplementation is necessary. It is recommended supplementation with folic acid in doses of 400 mcg / day and 5 mg/day in risk pregnant, and should begin at least one month before conception and during the fi rst 12 weeks gestation, and extend it throughout pregnancy in mothers with nutritional risk. It is important to keep watch the proper dose of folic acid to prevent possible adverse effects of unmetabolized accumulation in plasma. A high percentage of pregnant women presented iron defi ciency anemia, being recommended intermittent use of iron supplements (with lower gastrointestinal alteration and oxidative stress); not recommended for mothers without anemia (hemoglobin> 13.5 g / L). Since calcium absorption is increased up to 40% in gestation, its supplementation is not recommended for mothers with adequate intakes (3 dairy / day), and its use must be reserved to women with inadequate intakes and / or high risk of preeclampsia. Regarding the iodine, there are confl icting positions by different working groups established potassium iodide supplementation in women who do not reach their recommended intake (3 servings of milk and dairy products + 2 g of iodized salt), with their diets. Given that vitamin A and D can be toxic to mother and fetus, it is not recommended its supplementation except in cases of defi ciency. Although the use of multiple micronutrients supplements may favorably impact the outcome of pregnancy, more scientifi c evidence is needed to establish the replacement of iron and folic acid with a multiple micronutrient supplement. Suplementos en gestación: últimas recomendaciones ResumenEl embarazo representa un desafío desde el punto de vista nutricional, debido a que las necesidades de nutrientes están aumentadas y una alteración en su ingesta puede afectar la salud materno-fetal. Estados defi citarios en micronutrientes están relacionados con preeclampsia, retraso del crecimiento intrauterino, aborto y anomalías congénitas. Actualmente, la dieta de muchas madres gestantes es insufi ciente en micronutrientes, siendo necesaria su suplementación. Se recomienda la suplementación con ácido fólico en dosis de 400 μg/día, y de 5 mg en embarazadas de riesgo, debiendo comenzar al menos 1 mes antes de la concepción y durante las primeras 12 semanas de gestación, y prolongarla durante todo el embarazo en madres con riesgo nutricional. Es importante vigilar la dosis adecuada de ácido fólico para prevenir los posibles efectos adversos derivados de su acumulación plasmática no metabolizada. Un elevado porcentaje de gestantes presenta anemia ferropénica, estando recomendado el uso intermitente de suplementos con hi...

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Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation during pregnancy or labour for maternal and neonatal outcomes

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases

Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases

Nutrition, dental caries and periodontal disease: a narrative review

Suplementos en gestación: últimas recomendaciones

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