Pyrenochaeta romeroi causing subcutaneous phaeohyphomycotic cyst in a diabetic female

Abstract

Opportunistic subcutaneous fungal infections are increasing in present times due to increasing incidence of many medical conditions causing immunosupression like diabetes, AIDS, organ transplant recipients and anticancer therapy. Pyrenochaeta romeroi, a fungus from the dematiaceae group, first described by Borelli in 1959, is saprophyte to soil and plants.We present a rare case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycotic cyst in a diabetic female caused by P. romeroi.

Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis from Medicopsis romeroi in a diabetic patient

“…It has mostly been reported in immunocompromised patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs for hematologic malignancy [4], renal transplantation [5], rheumatoid arthritis [6], leprosy [7], and asthma [8]; however, there has been one report of a healthy, immunocompetent host [11], as shown in Table 2. Medicopsis romeroi has also reported in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have poor glycemic control [9,10]. Since phagocytic activity is the main mechanism for anti-fungal infections [12], type 2 diabetes patients with hyperglycemic control have a significant decline in the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells [13].…”

“…Two earlier reports on type 2 diabetes patients had similar settings, namely, the two patients were females aged around 50 years, had a blood sugar level above 400 g/dL, and came to hospital with a firm mass on one side of a foot. In each case, molecular diagnosis identified Medicopsis romeroi [9,10]. Both cases demonstrated clinical improvement by surgical incisional and drainage.…”

“…Medicopsis romeroi is an emerging fungus causing subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Recent case reports have demonstrated that most patients with subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis arising from Medicopsis romeroi have impaired immune systems [[4], [5], [6], [7], [8]], including patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have poor glycemic control [9,10]. Total surgical excision and debridement are the other options for eradicating the infection [1,2].…”

Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis Due to Pyrenochaeta romeroi Mimicking a Synovial Cyst

“…Our patient only had diabetes mellitus. To our knowledge, this is the second case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to P. romeroi described in a diabetic patient ( Yadav et al, 2015 ).…”

Selective screening: isolation of fungal strains from contaminated soils in Austria

“…In the genus Roussoella, there is one reported opportunistic pathogen, Roussoella percutanea (Ahmed et al, 2014). In the genus Pyrenochaeta, the strain Pyrenochaeta romeroi (Yadav et al, 2015;Kulkarni et al, 2016) is reported to cause subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in transplant or diabetes patients (Ya-dav et al, 2015;Kulkarni et al, 2016). Purpureocillium (Paecilomyces) lilacinum is also reported as an opportunistic pathogen (Luangsa-Ard et al, 2011).…”