Pycnogenol^®for the treatment of chronic disorders

Interventions to Treat Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation: An Overview of Systematic Reviews

“…Acupuncture was reported to have significant effects for ED in 1 study, whereas a second study showed no significant differences to sham therapy 73 ; furthermore, although yohimbine, 63 red ginseng, 64 and Chinese herbs 66 have been demonstrated to have a positive effect, the evidence was based on a small number of studies and small number of participants in each case (Table 4). Pycnogenol was found to cause a significant increase in erectile function compared with the placebo 70 …”

“…AMSTAR 2 assessments identified several methodologic weaknesses across all included reviews (see Appendix 3). More than half of the reviews did not refer to a protocol,22, 27, 28, 29, 32, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 66.6% reviews did not explain the study designs for inclusion in the review,12, 28, 34, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 70, 71, 72 73.3% did not provide the list of excluded studies,27, 28, 29, 32, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 and 83.3% of reviews did not clearly state the sources of funding for the included studies 12, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 34, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 72, 73, 74, 75. Inter-rater agreement of the 2 authors was high (κ = 0.86).…”

“…The study showed significant differences between the groups.YesPenile injectionsIntraurethral alprostadil (prostaglandin E1 vs placebo (postintervention) 68 2 (1,101)“At least one successful intercourse”OR = 7.22 (5.68–9.19)YesProstaglandin E1 vs sex therapy (12–26 weeks) 26 2 (86)“Persistence of erectile dysfunction”RR = 1.11 (0.62–1.97)NoShockwave therapyShockwave therapy vs sham (postintervention) (13–56 weeks) 55 7 (602)IIEF-EFMD = 4.17 (−0.50 to 8.83)YesComplementary and alternative medicineAcupuncture vs sham therapy (unclear) 73 2 (81)IIEF-5Not pooled. 1 study showed significant effect (RR = 7.53 [1.13–50.00]) whereas another study was not significant (RR = 1.40 [0.67–2.91])UnclearPhysical activity vs usual care (8–104 weeks) 65 7 (483)IIEFMD = 3.88 (2.35–5.41)YesLifestyle intervention vs usual care (12–104 weeks) 72 4 (597)IIEF-5MD = 2.40 (1.19–3.61)YesPycnogenol vs placebo (16 weeks) 3 , 70 , †1 (21)IIEF-5MD = 6.00 (3.33 to 8.67)YesRed ginseng vs placebo (unclear) 64 6 (349)Improvement of erectile dysfunctionRR = 2.38 (1.72 to 3.29)YesMaca vs placebo (12 weeks) 22 1 (50)IIEF-5Not pooled. One trial reported significant differences between the groupsYesYohimbine vs placebo (unclear) 63 , ‡7 (419)UnclearOR = 3.85 (2.22 to 6.67)YesChinese herb formula vs placebo (12 weeks) 66 1 (200)Total clinical effective rateRR = 4.19 (2.85 to 6.17)…”

Flavonoids and Related Members of the Aromatic Polyketide Group in Human Health and Disease: Do They Really Work?

“…Molecules 2020, 25, x FOR PEER REVIEW 9 of 31 many other flavonoid-derived dietary supplements, the evidence is insufficient to support such claims [59]. The hydroxy-group at position C3 on the heterocyclic C-ring may be substituted by different structures.…”

“…However, much of the miroestrol claims have not been sufficiently proved in clinical trials, and the Federal Trade Commission has taken legal action against some marketers of these products. Other isoflavonoids, such as vestitol (59), medicacarpin (61), and pisatin (62), Figure 14, seem to be only active in plants for defence against fungal attack, and are not of interest as phytoestrogens. A few analogues of isoflavonoids have been developed as drugs.…”