PV-powered water pumping and desalination plant for remote areas in Saudi Arabia

Alawaji, S.H.; Smiai, Mohammed Salah; Rafique, Shah; Stafford, B.

doi:10.1016/0306-2619(95)00039-u

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Most systems in operation were designed to function autonomously for small-scale desalination plants located in remote areas where freshwater resources are scarce and connection to the local grid power is unavailable. Although several full-scale plants are in operation in Saudi Arabia [7], the US Virgin Islands [8], the Maldives [9], Australia [10], Mexico [11], and Tunisia [12], most of the experimental systems in Fig. 1 are demonstration or prototype units.…”

Section: The State Of the Art Of Solar-driven Ro Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While modules with fixed axes are tilted at a constant angle, modules with adjustable axes can be manually repositioned based on seasonal changes, or, if a tracking system with controller and drive motor is installed, the modules can automatically follow the sun's daily path in the sky. Alawaji et al [7] estimated that utilizing seasonal tilt angle varia-estimated that utilizing seasonal tilt angle variation increases the yearly average permeate flow of a PV-RO desalination plant in Saudi Arabia from 15 to 17 m 3 d -1 . For a 0.1 m 3 d -1 PV-RO testing rig in Jordan, Abdallah et al [51] measured gains in electrical power output and permeate flow of 25% and 15%, respectively, when a one-axis automatic tracking system was used rather than a fixed tilt plate.…”

Section: Capacity (M 3 /Day)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Water extraction unit. The pump(s) that convey the feed water from the seawater intake or groundwater well to the RO pretreatment may be powered either by the arrays of the PV modules of the RO unit [6,7,9,12,17,38], or by other power sources such as wind turbines [30] or conventional grid electricity or a combination of the two [58]. Solar pumps -the solar sub-unit powers the feed pump(s) -were reported to be highly reliable in remote locations and to require limited maintenance, and as such, they have been used frequently [7,9].…”

Section: Capacity (M 3 /Day)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar-driven desalination with reverse osmosis: the state of the art

Ghermandi

Messalem

2009

Desalination and Water Treatment

148

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ab s t r ac tSolar-driven reverse osmosis desalination can potentially break the dependence of conventional desalination on fossil fuels, reduce operational costs, and improve environmental sustainability. The experience with solar desalination is investigated based on the analysis of 79 experimental and design systems worldwide. Our results show that photovoltaic-powered reverse osmosis is technically mature and -at unit costs as low as 2-3 US$ m -3 -economically cost-competitive with other water supply sources for small-scale systems in remote areas. Under favourable conditions, hybrid systems with additional renewable or conventional power sources perform as good as or better than photovoltaic-powered reverse osmosis. We suggest that in the short-term, solar RO desalination will gain shares in the market of small-scale desalination in remote areas. Concentrating solar power technologies have the highest potential in the medium-term for breakthrough developments in large-scale solar desalination.

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Section: The State Of the Art Of Solar-driven Ro Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capacity (M 3 /Day)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capacity (M 3 /Day)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar-driven desalination with reverse osmosis: the state of the art

Ghermandi

Messalem

2009

Desalination and Water Treatment

148

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show abstract

“…Most prior studies treat water as a component of an energy model or energy as a resource within a water model. For example, Ould-Amrouchea et al (2010) and Campana et al (2013) investigated photovoltaic (PV) water pumping systems and Alawaji et al (1995) analyzed desalination plant size with PV in Saudi Arabia. Similarly, Dubreuil et al (2013) estimated the energy used to process and supply drinking water and Stillwell et al (2011), Sattler et al (2012), van Vliet et al (2013, and Koch and Vögele (2013) estimated the water used to supply energy by coupling hydrologic with energy (e.g., thermal power plant) models.…”

Section: Review Of Water-energy Modeling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated assessment of water-energy and climate change in sacramento, california: how strong is the nexus?

et al. 2015

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This paper is among the first to report on the full integration of basin-scale models that include projections of the demand and supply of water and energy for residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural sector users. We link two widely used regional planning models that allow one to study the impact of rising climate variability on water and electricity use in Sacramento, California. Historic data combined with the current energy and water system configuration was used to assess the implications of changes in temperature and precipitation. Climate simulations suggest that electricity imports to the region would increase during hot dry spells, when regional power production is most constrained. In particular, regional imports of electricity would increase over 35 % in hot dry years, assuming a 4°C increase in average temperature and a 25 % decrease in average precipitation.Climatic Change

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“…Alawaji et al [20] studied water pumping and a desalination plant for remote areas in Saudi Arabia using photovoltaic-powered submersible pump systems. Owing to high insolation intensities in Saudi Arabia, solar energy was found to be an attractive source of energy for the water-pumping application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Capacity of Underground Water Pumping Using Wind Energy in Dhahran

Sahin

Bolat²,

Al-Ahmari

2011

Arab J Sci Eng

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The capacity of pumping ground water with wind energy conversion systems in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia was statistically analyzed. Experimental data of half-hourly wind energy measurements made for a period of 5 years (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000) were used in the analysis. Seven horizontal-axis wind turbines with different power ratings were considered in the study. Eight water pumps with different power ratings to be powered by the wind turbines were considered. The numbers of pumps that can be powered by the wind turbines and the daily water pumping capacities at the study sites were analyzed. It was found that there is considerable wind power for pumping underground water for irrigation purposes. The net equivalent values of the annual wind energy generated by the various wind turbines were estimated. The net present value of total revenue generated by wind turbines was determined and it was deduced that the N60/1300 turbine would be an economically profitable investment. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the break-even initial cost of the seven wind-electric conversion systems.

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PV-powered water pumping and desalination plant for remote areas in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 52 publications

References 1 publication

Solar-driven desalination with reverse osmosis: the state of the art

Solar-driven desalination with reverse osmosis: the state of the art

An integrated assessment of water-energy and climate change in sacramento, california: how strong is the nexus?

Investigation of the Capacity of Underground Water Pumping Using Wind Energy in Dhahran

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