Putative biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of congenital ocular toxoplasmosis

Araújo, Thádia Evelyn de; Santos, Luara Isabela dos; Gomes, A. da S.; Carneiro, Ana Carolina Aguiar Vasconcelos; Machado, Anderson Silva; Coelho-dos-Reis, Jordana Grazziela Alves; Peruhype-Magalhães, Vanessa; Béla, Samantha Ribeiro; Andrade, Gláucia Manzan Queiroz de; Vasconcelos-Santos, Daniel Vítor; Januário, José Nélio; Teixeira-Carvalho, Andréa; Vítor, Ricardo Wagner Almeida; Antonelli, Lis Ribeiro do Valle; Ferro, Eloísa Amália Vieira; Martins‐Filho, Olindo Assis

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73265-z

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…Postnatal follow-up, based on after-birth samples, remains necessary in the first year of life to fully exclude the infection when PCR or serological results were negative [ 29 , 86 ]. Diagnosis based on cell immunity has been increasingly used as a complementary diagnostic to monitoring infants [ 98 , 99 ]. This potential methodology should also be explored for maternal samples during prenatal follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: Advances and Challenges

Franco,

Scussel,

Silva

et al. 2024

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Objective. To understand how congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) diagnosis has evolved over the years, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the kind of analysis that has been employed for CT diagnosis. Methods. PubMed and Lilacs databases were used in order to access the kind of analysis that has been employed for CT diagnosis in several samples. Our search combined the following combining terms: “congenital toxoplasmosis” or “gestational toxoplasmosis” and “diagnosis” and “blood,” “serum,” “amniotic fluid,” “placenta,” or “colostrum.” We extracted data on true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative to generate pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Random-effects models using MetaDTA were used for analysis. Results. Sixty-five articles were included in the study aiming for comparisons (75.4%), diagnosis performance (52.3%), diagnosis improvement (32.3%), or to distinguish acute/chronic infection phases (36.9%). Amniotic fluid (AF) and placenta were used in 36.9% and 10.8% of articles, respectively, targeting parasites and/or T. gondii DNA. Blood was used in 86% of articles for enzymatic assays. Colostrum was used in one article to search for antibodies. In meta-analysis, PCR in AF showed the best performance for CT diagnosis based on the highest summary sensitivity (85.1%) and specificity (99.7%) added to lower magnitude heterogeneity. Conclusion. Most of the assays being researched to diagnose CT are basically the same traditional approaches available for clinical purposes. The range in diagnostic performance and the challenges imposed by CT diagnosis indicate the need to better explore pregnancy samples in search of new possibilities for diagnostic tools. Exploring immunological markers and using bioinformatics tools and T. gondii recombinant antigens should address the research needed for a new generation of diagnostic tools to face these challenges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: Advances and Challenges

Franco,

Scussel,

Silva

et al. 2024

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Ocular toxoplasmosis: a review of the current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches

et al. 2021

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Purpose This review aims to summarize the current knowledge concerning the clinical features, diagnostic work-up and therapeutic approach of ocular toxoplasmosis focusing mainly on the postnatally acquired form of the disease. Methods A meticulous literature search was performed in the PubMed database. A supplementary search was made in Google Scholar to complete the collected items. Results Ocular toxoplasmosis is one of the most frequent infectious etiologies of posterior uveitis. It typically presents with retinochoroiditis. Setting an accurate diagnosis depends to a considerable degree on detecting characteristic clinical characteristics. In addition to the evaluation of clinical features, the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis relies at a large degree on serologic testing. The detection of the parasite DNA in the aqueous or vitreous humor can provide evidence for a definitive diagnosis. The current mainstay for the treatment, if necessary, is the use of oral antibiotic with systemic corticosteroids. Recent evidence suggests other therapeutic approaches, such as intravitreal antibiotics can be used. Conclusion Recent developments in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach have contributed to preventing or limiting vision loss of patients suffering from ocular toxoplasmosis. Further studies are required to provide a better understanding of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment with a significant impact on the management of this challenging clinical entity.

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Toxoplasmosis

Wallon,

Kieffer,

Peyron

et al. 2025

Remington and Klein's Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant

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Putative biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of congenital ocular toxoplasmosis

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: Advances and Challenges

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: Advances and Challenges

Ocular toxoplasmosis: a review of the current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches

Toxoplasmosis

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