Push–pull analysis: the mediating role of promotion types relative to visit intention to a sports museum

Abstract

PurposeAlthough sport museums are considered an important sector in nostalgia sport tourism, annual visitations of the major sport Hall of Fames (HoF) have been decreasing, often resulting in operational and financial difficulties for the HoF. The current study examined the relationship between sport museum image, motivation, constraints, monetary and non-monetary promotions (as a mediator), and visit intention among those who have attended or never attended.Design/methodology/approachData was collected from the residents in the Northeast Ohio area via an online survey questionnaire using Qualtrics (N = 1,607). Two sets of data parameters were generated based on consumers previous visitation to Pro Football HoF (visited group n = 754; never-visited group n = 853) and each group's monetary and non-monetary promotion models (total of four models) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and reliability tests were processed via IBM SPSS Statistics 26 and the structural relationships among the constructs were examined using SmartPLS 3.FindingsAmong all the antecedents, positive perceived image of HoF has been identified as the most significant predictor for both promotions and visit (revisit) intention. Social motivation was found to be a strong driver for visiting a sports museum regardless of the types of promotions. Promotions' mediation effects were found. The monetary promotion between cost constraints and visit intention implied, cost constraints can be mitigated through monetary promotion.Originality/valueThis is the first study examining the role of relationship between image, motivation, constraints and visit intention relative to sport museums. Results provide practical insights for the sport museum marketers and researchers relative to visit intension.

Pengaruh 3C Marketing 4.0 Terhadap Revisit Dimediasi Consumer Journey serta Dimoderasi Conversation: Studi Kasus pada Konsumen Shopee di Wilayah Kabupaten Bekasi

“…Variabel lain yang dapat mempengaruhi perjalanan pelanggan atau consumer journey terhadap revisit yaitu conversation (promosi), Beberapa indikator yang dapat mengukur interaksi melibatkan pembaruan informasi kepada konsumen baik secara online maupun offline, mengadakan acara guna memperluas komunikasi dengan konsumen dan dapat berkomunikasi secara intensif (Kotler et al, 2017) dalam (Farisha et al, 2022)konsep promosi yang sebelumnya komunikasi satu arah kini pada era digital menjadi komunikasi dua arah (Farisha et al, 2022)kegiatan promosi memiliki kontribusi yang besar terhadap niat kunjung kembali, sehingga terdapat celah penelitian yang ada memungkinkan munculnya variabel lain yakni variabel conversation (Bellinda, 2014)dalam (Setyaningsih et al, 2020). hadirnya conversation dapat memberikan kesan yang baik terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang yang dilakukan konsumen (Yim & Lyberger, 2021). Berdasarkan uraian yang telah dijabarkan di atas menjelaskan bahwa potensi kemunculan variabel conversation sebagai variabel mediator melalui perantara consumer journey terhadap communal activation, co-creation, dan currency dengan revisit atau niat untuk berkunjung kembali, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu mengenai "Pengaruh 3C Marketing 4.0 Terhadap Revisit Dimediasi Consumer Journey Serta Dimoderasi Conversation (Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Shopee Di Wilayah Kabupaten Bekasi)"…”

An examination of tourists’ pre-trip motivational model using push–pull theory: Melbourne as a case study

“…Accordingly, to understand tourists’ motivation for travelling as well as their destination choice, Dann’s (1981) push/pull model is more appropriate. This theory remains the most cited motivational model in tourism in contemporary times (for example, Dancausa, Hernández, & Pérez, 2023; Dean & Suhartanto, 2019; Liro, 2021; Suhud, Allan, & Willson, 2021; Yim, Lyberger, & Song, 2022).…”

Kesan Perdagangan Antarabangsa terhadap Permintaan Pelancongan: Kes di Malaysia

“…Ianya berfungsi kepada kecenderungan atau kesanggupan serta rintangan yang dihadapi bagi mengadakan perjalanan. Di sini kesanggupan dan kemampuan seseorang individu dipengaruhi oleh kehendaknya sendiri iaitu motivasi (Seo et al 2019;Al Adwan 2020;Zhang & Walsh 2021;Iványi & Bíró-Szigeti 2021), kedudukan sosio-ekonomi (Yeh & Liu 2019;Promsivapallop & Kannaovakun 2020;Gavurova et al 2020;Švec et al 2021;An & Alarcón 2021), keberkesanan pemasaran dan promosi (Chrząścik 2019;Castañeda et al 2020;Korbiel 2021;Tinakhat 2021;Yim et al 2021) yang dilakukan. Pemasaran dan promosi penting terutama bagi meningkatkan permintaan jangka panjang di samping memberi pendedahan kepada masyarakat umum.…”

“…Pemasaran dan promosi penting terutama bagi meningkatkan permintaan jangka panjang di samping memberi pendedahan kepada masyarakat umum. Kebolehsampaian maklumat tentang destinasi pelancongan adalah penting dalam mempengaruhi kehendak masyarakat (Castañeda 2020;Tinakhat 2021;Yim et al 2021).…”