Purification of Produced Water by Ceramic Membranes: Material Screening, Process Design and Economics

Li, Liangxiong; Lee, Robert

doi:10.1080/01496390903253395

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Li and Lee [48] in their research have also utilized ceramic membrane in purification of produced water. Their research investigates the micro-and mesoporous inorganic membranes, specifically clay membranes and zeolite membranes, on desalination of produced water.…”

Section: Ceramic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Oilfield Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane Filtration Over Conventional Technology

Nazirah¹,

Yusof²,

Aziz³

et al. 2017

MJAS

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The oil and gas industry has been a constant developing industry as it is of importance to the maintenance of industrial civilization in its current configuration and play vital roles in many other industries. Some oil and gas industry operations have been accountable of water contamination through by-results of refining and oil slicks. One of the biggest by-products that have raised a critical environment concern is oilfield produced water. Oilfield produced water (OPW) is coproduced aqua liquid phase which originate from well alongside oil phases in normal production process. The content of OPW consists of different type of organic and inorganic mix. Discarding this kind of wastewater can lead to surface pollution especially on water sources as well as soil. Hence, to meet environmental regulations as well as reuse and recycling of produced water, many researchers have focused on treating oily saline produced water. Conventional technologies used to treat produced water consist of clarifiers, dissolved air flotation, hydro cyclones, and disposable filters/absorbers. Typically, additional chemicals for coagulation or settling are needed which are expensive and are incapable of achieving recently required standards of cleanliness. Therefore, researchers have swung to membrane filtration plans because of their capability to minimize extra expenses and surpass issues connected with current advances. Thus, the purpose of this review is to highlight the current and developed membrane technology used in treating the oilfield produced wastewater and its current progress.Keywords: oilfield produced water, membrane filtration, mixed matrix membrane, oily wastewater Abstrak Industri minyak dan gas telah menjadi industri membangun berterusan kerana ia adalah penting untuk mengekalkan tamadun perindustrian dalam konfigurasi semasa dan memainkan peranan penting dalam banyak industri lain. Sesetengah operasi industri minyak dan gas telah dipertanggungjawabkan ke atas pencemaran air melalui tindakan penapisan dan minyak tumpahan. Salah satu yang produk sampingan yang terbesar yang telah menimbulkan kebimbangan persekitaran kritikal adalah air yang dihasilkan medan minyak. Air yang dihasilkan dari medan minyak (OPW) adalah dihasilkan bersama fasa cecair dan fasa minyak yang berasal dari telaga minyak dalam proses pengeluaran normal. Kandungan OPW terdiri daripada pelbagai jenis campuran organik dan bukan organik. Pembuangan jenis air sisa ini boleh membawa kepada pencemaran permukaan terutamanya kepada sumber air dan tanah. Oleh itu, untuk memenuhi peraturan-peraturan alam sekitar serta penggunaan semula dan kitar semula air yang dihasilkan, ramai penyelidik telah memberi tumpuan kepada merawat air masin yang dihasilkan dari medan minyak ini. Teknologi konvensional yang digunakan untuk merawat air yang dihasilkan terdiri daripada clarifiers, pengapungan udara terlarut, siklon hidro dan penapis boleh guna/penyerap. Biasanya, bahan kimia tambahan untuk pembekuan

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Section: Ceramic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commonly, ceramic membrane has an asymmetrical structure with a viable top layer framed by coating or casting. Figure 2 shows the theoretical portrayals of ceramic membrane which are usually asymmetrical [48]. Sol-gel process usually produces typical ceramic membranes.…”

Section: Ceramic Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Oilfield Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane Filtration Over Conventional Technology

Nazirah¹,

Yusof²,

Aziz³

et al. 2017

MJAS

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“…In 2001, molecular dynamics simulations showed that zeolite membranespreviously applied solely for gas separations-may be applicable for aqueous osmotic separations 54 . Since then, thin zeolite membranes have been studied for RO desalination of brackish water as well as a variety of wastewaters [55][56][57][58][59][60][61] 63 .…”

Section: Zeolite-coated Ceramic Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of water treatment membrane nanotechnologies

Pendergast

Hoek

2011

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,836

917

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We thank the reviewers for their insightful comments and we have revised the above referenced manuscript in response. In addition, we addressed each reviewer comment in an itemized fashion in the attached "Response to Reviewer Comments."We have uploaded high resolution (600 dpi minimum) TIF files for each image in the article. We have kept the images in color for the online version, but please convert these to grey-scale for the print version. We have ensured that no information is lost from the figure upon conversion.We feel we have adequately addressed all reviewer comments and hope that you will accept our review paper for publication in Energy & Environmental Science without further revision. Figure 6. Percolation Threshold was removed because it also seemed to provide superfluous detail. Section 3.2.1. Mixed Matrix MembranesSelections have been deleted due to excessive explanation of mixed matrix theory; the detail of background theory here appeared to be out of proportion with that in other sections. The important points from the deleted paragraphs have, however, been shortened and inserted into the present introduction so that major points are not lost. Also, it was re-emphasized that details about gas separation membranes were included only to show the past application and strength of these materials now being re-engineered for water treatment purposes. Section 3.3.3. Isoporous Block Copolymer MembranesSelections have been deleted, again when out of proportion detail in background explanation was found. Within the particular works cited and described, some specific details have been removed or minimized in order to highlight the most important achievement of each work. Lengthy block copolymer names have also been removed in most cases, in lieu of the type (i.e., tri-block, homopolymer) so that the individual methods described can be seen in a more general system framework. Some of the extensive deleted sections have been shortened/rewritten and inserted in the section so that significant points are not lost, but only the excess detail. DiscussionThe discussion section has been significantly lengthened and clarified. Each technology is summarized to shed light upon the benefits and hurdles of each material that led to its individual ranking in our system. Each score is justified and explained within our metric.Throughout the text, an effort was made to reduce excess detail and highlight the major hurdles achieved by each researcher cited. Primary accomplishments and future needs for each material were further emphasized throughout the body of this paper.Specific responses to the referees follows. RESPONSES TO REVIEWER COMMENTS REFEREE 1Within their extensive review the authors state that in their review "… the published literature describing … membrane technologies (i.e. nanotechnologies) is critically reviewed and discussed within the context of conventional membrane materials used in the relevant water treatment applications" and "a ranking system was developed …" (all citations from the Abstract) Yet...

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“…New technologies should be utilized to separate both fine particles and dissolved components. [23] Membrane processes are a rather new separation process for treatment of produced water. Membrane separation processes, including microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), are able to treat produced water and generate water with high standards to meet regulations.…”

Section: Membrane Treatment Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23] The general specification for acceptable quality of oil-fields produced water for discharging into surface water (or re-injection) are less than 42 mg/L of oil/water, and less than 10 mg/L of Total Suspended Solids (TSS). [24] Conventional treatment processes are not able to meet these water effluent standards.…”

Section: Membrane Treatment Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%