Purification of Nitrate Contaminated Aqueous Solution Using Modified and Unmodified Palmkernel Shell

Adebayo, O.L.; Adaramodu, A.A.; Ajayi, Morenike Grace; Olasehinde, F.E.; Oyetunde, J.G.

doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.71.11

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Increasing the positive charge of the surface by using a positive charge surfactant could attract the negatively charged nitrate ion through electrostatic interaction. This is similar to the results of Xi et al (2010) who showed Comparison of the NO 3 -N adsorption capacity of adsorbent in this study with other studies (Table 5) showed that RH is similar to the unmodified palm kernel shell (Adebayo et al 2016), while the result of RHB is better than the wheat straw biochar, corn straw biochar and peanut-shell biochar (Gai et al 2014). The modification of rice husk and rice husk biochar with CTAB could increase adsorption capacity by 10-49 times which is in the range of other surfactant modification studies (8-123 times).…”

Section: Adsorption Of Nitratesupporting

confidence: 92%

Low cost and easy rice husk modification to efficiently enhance ammonium and nitrate adsorption

Mathurasa

Damrongsiri

2018

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose This research aimed to study the adsorption of ammonium and nitrate by simply modifying the surface of the rice husk using slow pyrolysis and surfactants modification. Methods Rice husk biochar was prepared by slowly pyrolyzing at 500 °C, 2 h. The rice husk and its biochar were modified by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. FTIR, BET and zeta potential measurements were used to characterize the obtained adsorbents. Results Slow pyrolysis increased the specific surface area and decreased the surface charge of rice husk while surfactant clogged the pore but could change the charge of a surface. Adsorption of both ammonium and nitrate on rice husk, its biochar, and their modification with surfactants fitted Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, indicating heterogeneity in adsorption. Slow pyrolysis gave the highest ammonium removal with maximum adsorption capacity of 44 mgN/g and it was a physical process. The cetyltrimethylammonium bromide modification gave a significant nitrate removal on both rice husk and its biochar with maximum adsorption of 278 and 213 mgN/g, respectively, which is higher than a commercial adsorbent. Conclusions These two modification techniques gave great adsorption enhancement with cost-effectiveness as compared to other reviewed methods which could use as a nitrogen-rich fertilizer and fertilizer retainment in crop production.

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Section: Adsorption Of Nitratesupporting

confidence: 92%

Low cost and easy rice husk modification to efficiently enhance ammonium and nitrate adsorption

Mathurasa

Damrongsiri

2018

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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“…CV adsorption on BC-PKS showed a rapid increase in the adsorption capacity and high percentage removal from pH 4 to pH 6, primarily due to the change of surface charge of BC-PKS. The zero point charge of BC-PKS was reported to be 5.50 [93] and 3.94 [94]. As the pH of the CV dye solution increases, the surface of BC-PKS become negatively charged, enhancing the adsorption of the positively charged cationic dye through electrostatic attraction [92,95].…”

Section: Effects Of the Ph Of The Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Removal of Crystal Violet from Textile Wastewater Using Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Biochar

et al. 2020

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In this study, we explored the adsorption potential of biochar derived from palm kernel shell (BC-PKS) as an affordable adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet from wastewater. Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics studies were carried out to evaluate the adsorption of crystal violet onto BC-PKS. The kinetics adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that the rate of adsorption is principally controlled by chemisorption. The adsorption equilibrium data were better fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model with a determination coefficient of 0.954 and a maximum adsorption of 24.45 mg/g. Thermodynamics studies found the adsorption of crystal violet by BC-PKS to be endothermic with increasing randomness at the BC-PKS/crystal violet interface. The percentage removal and adsorption capacity increased with the pH of the solution, as the negative charges on the biochar surface at high pH enhance the electrostatic attraction between crystal violet molecules and BC-PKS. Increasing the BC-PKS dosage from 0.1 to 1.0 g increased percent removal and decreased the adsorption capacity of crystal violet onto BC-PKS. Therefore, biochar from agricultural by-products, i.e., palm kernel shell, can be cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of crystal violet from textile wastewater.

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“…The raw cassava wastewater was collected from the fermentation tank of a cassava-processing cluster located at Agbowo in Ibadan the Oyo State, Nigeria and transported to the laboratory in a plastic cooler maintained at 4 o C. PKS sample was collected from a local market within the same locality and prepared as described by Adebayo et al (2016). It was oven-dried, crushed and graded with a set of sieves to obtain 4.75 mm particle sizes.…”

Section: Materials Collection and Experimental Start-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degrading cassava mill effluent using aerated sequencing batch reactor with palm kernel shell as medium

Lawal

Ogedengbe

Adetifa

et al. 2019

J.Degrade.Min.Land Manage.

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Local cassava agro-processing industries in Nigeria generate toxic organic effluent with negative environmental impact if disposed without adequate treatment. This study examines the performance of a lab-scale aerated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in degrading cassava mill effluent using palm kernel (Elaeis guineensis) shell (PKS) as biofilter media. Wastewater samples were collected before and after flowing through each compartment at hydraulic retention times of 3, 5 and 7 hours. Continuous aeration and nature-based degradation of the effluent recorded overall removal efficiencies of 73.5% (Hydrogen cyanide), 70.59% (BOD), 69.18% (COD), 29.93% (Turbidity), 4.92% (Sodium), 25% (Magnesium) and 14.32% (Calcium) respectively. Effluent electrical conductivity (EC) slightly increased by 7.84%. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) of the treated wastewater ranged from 6.9 to 7.3 while the final pH ranged from 4.5 to 4.6. The values of EC, BOD and COD were significantly different (P<0.05) along the treatment sequence, confirming the effectiveness of the chambers in reducing these pollutants. Despite achieving high removal efficiencies, the final values of most parameters still fall short of the local permissible limit signifying operational limitations and the need to optimize the system to reduce key contaminants to safe disposal limits.

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Purification of Nitrate Contaminated Aqueous Solution Using Modified and Unmodified Palmkernel Shell

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Low cost and easy rice husk modification to efficiently enhance ammonium and nitrate adsorption

Low cost and easy rice husk modification to efficiently enhance ammonium and nitrate adsorption

The Removal of Crystal Violet from Textile Wastewater Using Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Biochar

Degrading cassava mill effluent using aerated sequencing batch reactor with palm kernel shell as medium

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