Abstract:A protein factor which induces high levels of gamma interferon (IFN-y) in resting splenic nonadherent cells was isolated from the sera of mice with generalized inflammation caused by endotoxic shock. The factor was highly purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion-exchange column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose, molecular sieving on Ultrogel AcA 44, and hydrophobic column chromatography with phenyl-Sepharose. It was further purified to apparent homogeneity by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis… Show more
“…This serum activity functioned not as a direct inducer of IFN-␥ but rather as a co-stimulant together with IL-2 or mitogens. An attempt to purify the activity from post-endotoxin mouse serum revealed an apparently homogeneous 50-to 55-kDa protein [21]. Because other cytokines can act as co-stimulants for IFN-␥ production, the failure of neutralizing antibodies to IL-1, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, or TNF to neutralize the serum activity suggested that it was a distinct factor.…”
Section: Discovery Of Ifn-␥ Inducing Factormentioning
“…This serum activity functioned not as a direct inducer of IFN-␥ but rather as a co-stimulant together with IL-2 or mitogens. An attempt to purify the activity from post-endotoxin mouse serum revealed an apparently homogeneous 50-to 55-kDa protein [21]. Because other cytokines can act as co-stimulants for IFN-␥ production, the failure of neutralizing antibodies to IL-1, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, or TNF to neutralize the serum activity suggested that it was a distinct factor.…”
Section: Discovery Of Ifn-␥ Inducing Factormentioning
“…2,3 IL-18 is a cytokine that has been identified as an interferong -inducing factor in mice infected with Propionobacterium acnes and lipopolysaccharide. 4 It plays an important role in the Th1 response. 5,6 The immune defence against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated primarily by T cells, and interferon-g (IFNg ) is essential for protective immunity.…”
Although increased serum levels of IL-18 were not specific for TB, the increased levels may favour active TB in radiologically advanced disease where CXR findings are difficult to interpret, and sputum smears or cultures are not helpful.
“…It has recently been reported that mice injected with heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes released significantly higher levels of interferon-␥ (IFN-␥) into the circulation on challenge with T cell mitogens than mice challenged with T cell mitogens alone [1][2][3][4]. This IFN-␥ production was also induced in vivo when using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a mitogen instead of T cell mitogens [5][6][7]. Because it was unlikely that LPS stimulated the T cells directly, some intermediate molecules were considered to be involved.…”
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