Purification, Fine Structure and Characterization of Temperate Phages from Drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

SUMMARYThree kinds of temperate Staphylococcus aureus phages were differentiated by serological, sedimentation and electron microscopic studies. Phage S 1 had a long hexagonal head and a long tail, a density in Cs2SO 4 of 1.365 g/ml and belonged to serological group A; phage $2 had a short hexagonal head and a short tail, a density of 1.385 to 1.392 g/ml and belonged to serological group B; phage $3 had a shape similar to phage $2 except for some minor differences, but had a density of 1-416 g/ml and belonged to serological group F. S. aureus MS27 was found to be singly lysogenic for $2. However, S. aureus MS3878 was a doubly lysogenic strain carrying S1 and $2 and S. aureus E169 was a triply lysogenic strain carrying S1, $2 and $3. All these temperate phages showed similarity in shape to typing phages belonging to the same serological group. The temperate S. aureus phages revealed the presence of a hexagonal baseplate with spikes. The burst sizes of phages $1, $2 and $3 were about 50, 110 and 120 respectively. The DNA from S1, $2 and $3 ranged from 29-4 to 30 megadaltons in size.

Phage JS02, a putative temperate phage, a novel biofilm-degrading agent for Staphylococcus aureus

“…On the basis of the morphological characteristics, the results indicated that the phage vB_SauS_JS02 belongs to the Siphoviridae family, which belonged to serogroup A, with a tail length of more than 200 nm and a head with a long hexagon head (Saito et al . 1981). According to the one‐step growth curve analysis, the latent period for the phage JS02 was approximately 20 min, and the burst size was approximately 52 PFU/infected cell, which were similar to those observed for the drug‐resistant S. aureus phage S1 that belonged to serogroup A (Saito et al .…”

“…According to the one‐step growth curve analysis, the latent period for the phage JS02 was approximately 20 min, and the burst size was approximately 52 PFU/infected cell, which were similar to those observed for the drug‐resistant S. aureus phage S1 that belonged to serogroup A (Saito et al . 1981). Bioinformatics analysis of the phage genome showed that this phage could be categorized as an unclassified species within Triavirus genus (Table ).…”

“…For thermo-stability, the phage was incubated at 40 ºC, 50 ºC, 60 ºC, 70 ºC, and 80 ºC, and sample were collected after 20, 40, and 60 min for phage titration using the DLA method. For pH stability, the phage were added to tubes containing SM buffer of different pH values (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) and then incubated for 1 h at 37 ºC before phage titration was performed by the DLA method [17].…”

Phage JS02, A Putative Temperate Phage, A Novel Biofilm-Degrading Agent for Staphylococcus Aureus

“…For thermo-stability, the phage was incubated at 40 ºC, 50 ºC, 60 ºC, 70 ºC, and 80 ºC, and sample were collected after 20, 40, and 60 min for phage titration using the DLA method. For pH stability, the phage were added to tubes containing SM buffer of different pH values (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) and then incubated for 1 h at 37 ºC before phage titration was performed by the DLA method [17].…”

Toxic Shock Syndrome and Lysogeny in Staphylococcus aureus

“…With respect to staphylococci, lysogeny among strains of S. aureus is common (13,14), and the extent to which lysogenization is detected within these strains depends on the number of indicators used. Staphylococcus aureus strains have also been found to be lysogenized by more than one type of bacteriophage (15)(16)(17). Such strains are said to be poly-lysogenized.…”