Purification and Properties of Poliovirus

Schaffer, Frederick L.; Schwerdt, Carlton E.

doi:10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60491-1

Cited by 73 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…3a) but they showed a ring inside the particles. Their outer diameter was estimated to be 28 nm, which is in reasonable agreement with the published diameter of 27 nm for virus (Schaffer & Schwerdt, 1959). The inner ring of 17 nm diameter was attributed to the RNA core, which agrees reasonably with the published data of 18 nm for poliovirus (Boublik & Drzeniek, 1976) and 19 nm for small spherical RNA viruses (Jacrot et al, 1977).…”

Section: Dense Particles ( Dps) Produced By Low Uv Irradiation Dosesupporting

confidence: 89%

Dense Particles and Slow Sedimenting Particles Produced by Ultraviolet Irradiation of Poliovirus

Wetz

Zeichhardt

Willingmann

et al. 1983

Journal of General Virology

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Section: Dense Particles ( Dps) Produced By Low Uv Irradiation Dosesupporting

confidence: 89%

Dense Particles and Slow Sedimenting Particles Produced by Ultraviolet Irradiation of Poliovirus

Wetz

Zeichhardt

Willingmann

et al. 1983

Journal of General Virology

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“…As was pointed out earlier, the RNA of picornaviruses not only carries genetic information and functions as a template in its own 4 OCTOBER 1963 replication but also serves as messenger RNA in the synthesis of virus-specific proteins. The RNA is the sole genetic material of the virus, and since the amount of RNA per virus particle is equivalent to only about 2 x 106 molecular-weight units (35), the genetic complexity of the small RNA viruses is severely limited (36).…”

Section: The Picornavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Inhibition of Replication of Animal Viruses

Tamm¹,

Eggers²

1963

Science

113

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The process of virus reproduction is so closely bound up with the metabolism of the virus-infected cell that its study has been hindered by inability to distinguish experimentally between the two. The main difficulty has been the lack of specific chemical markers which would make possible the study of the synthesis of virus nucleic acids and proteins without measuring or affecting host-cell synthesis. In the exceptional instance of T2, T4, and T6 bacteriophages, which contain an unusual nucleotide, a very beautiful and comprehensive picture has been obtained of the biochemical and enzymatic changes in the virus-infected cells (1).In the last few years, however, chemical compounds have been found which can distinguish between virusinduced and cellular processes and thus the knowledge of virus-specific events in the reproduction of animal viruses has begun to advance more rapidly. The mechanisms of action of these virus-specific inhibitors bear directly on questions concerning virusspecific features of the structure, synthesis, and functions of virus nucleic acids and proteins.Virus reproduction can occur only inside a living cell, since the virus is dependent on the cell both for energy and for the building blocks that make up its substance. Various subcellular structures serve specialized functions in the mechanism of virus reproduction. The virus particle consists of a protein shell (the capsid) and a core of nucleic acid (2). The nucleic acid may be either DNA or RNA; no virus has SCIENCE, VOL. 142

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“…This resistance to inactivation raised the possibility that the prion genome was not only small but also well protected. Small, spherical viruses such the polio-and parvoviruses were known to be much more resistant to inactivation than larger viruses such as the one causing herpes (64,68). But scrapie prions are much more resistant to inactivation by procedures that hydrolyze or modify nucleic acids than the sturdiest virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for a Prion-Specific Nucleic Acid

Safar

Kellings

Serban

et al. 2005

J Virol

121

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Diversity of prion strains was attributed to an elusive nucleic acid, yet a search spanning nearly two decades has failed to identify a prion-specific polynucleotide. In our search for a prion-specific nucleic acid, we analyzed nucleic acids in purified fractions from the brains of Syrian hamsters infected with Sc237 prions. Purification of Sc237 prions removed nucleic acids larger than 50 nucleotides as measured by return refocusing electrophoresis (RRGE). To determine the size of the largest polynucleotide present in purified fractions at an abundance of one molecule per infectious (ID 50 ) unit, we measured prions present after inoculation. In order to account for the rapid clearance of prions after intracerebral inoculation, we determined the number of PrP Sc molecules and ID 50 units of prions that were retained in brain. Factoring in clearance after inoculation, we estimate that the largest polynucleotide present in our purified fractions at one molecule per ID 50 unit is Ϸ25 nucleotides in length. In the same fractions, there were Ϸ3,000 protease-resistant PrP Sc molecules per ID 50 unit after accounting for clearance of PrP Sc following inoculation. We compared the resistance of Sc237 and 139H prions to inactivation by UV irradiation at 254 nm. Irradiation of homogenates and microsomes diminished prion infectivity by a factor of Ϸ1,000 but did not alter the strain-specified properties of the Sc237 and 139H prions. The data reported here combined with the production of synthetic prions argue that the 25-mer polynucleotides found in purified prion preparations are likely to be host encoded and of variable sequence; additionally, these 25-mers are unlikely to be prion specific.

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Purification and Properties of Poliovirus

Cited by 73 publications

References 126 publications

Dense Particles and Slow Sedimenting Particles Produced by Ultraviolet Irradiation of Poliovirus

Dense Particles and Slow Sedimenting Particles Produced by Ultraviolet Irradiation of Poliovirus

Specific Inhibition of Replication of Animal Viruses

Search for a Prion-Specific Nucleic Acid

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