Purification and Characterization of Gum-Derived Polysaccharides of Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica and Their Applications as Plant Stimulants and Bio-Pesticidal Agents

Abstract

Plant gums are bio-organic substances that are derived from the barks of trees. They are biodegradable and non-adverse complex polysaccharides that have been gaining usage in recent years due to a number of advantages they contribute to various applications. In this study, gum was collected from Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica trees, then dried and powdered. Characterizations of gum polysaccharides were performed using TLC, GC-MS, NMR, etc., and sugar molecules such as glucose and xylose were found to be present. Effects of the gums on Abelmoschus esculentus growth were observed through root growth, shoot growth, and biomass content. The exposure of the seeds to the plant gums led to bio stimulation in the growth of the plants. Poor quality soil was exposed to the gum polysaccharide, where the polysaccharide was found to improve soil quality, which was observed through soil analysis and SEM analysis of soil porosity and structure. Furthermore, the plant gums were also found to have bio-pesticidal activity against mealybugs, which showed certain interstitial damage evident through histopathological analysis.

The Effect of Neem Gum on the Reduction in Rat Blood Glucose Levels Induced by Streptozotocin

“…In addition, crude neem gum polysaccharides also contain antioxidants, so they can reduce oxidative stress caused by STZ and hyperglycemia (Malviya et al, 2017;Moenim et al, 2018). The antioxidant activity of neem gum has been demonstrated through several studies that have been conducted previously using various methods of examination, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), copperreducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and others (Malviya et al, 2017;Mirghani et al, 2018;Shobana et al, 2022). Moreover, the molecular structure of neem gum, which contains -COOH and -CHOH groups, can serve as a proton donor by donating hydrogen ions in the liquid phase to neutralize free radicals, thereby stopping the chain reaction (Malviya et al, 2017).…”

EFEK NEEM GUM (Azadiracthta indica) TERHADAP KADAR SGOT SGPT TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI DIAZINON

“…17 Variasi dosis larutan neem gum dapat menimbulkan kemampuan dan efek yang berbeda, semakin banyak polisakarida dan senyawa antioksidan seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tannin di dalamnya semakin meningkatkan kekuatan hidroksil dalam menetralkan radikal bebas. 19,20 Dosis yang tinggi dimungkinkan memiliki kemampuan menetralkan radikal bebas yang lebih kuat hingga organel yang lebih dalam, tidak hanya pada sitoplasmanya, melainkan ke organel lain seperti mitokondria. Pemberian larutan neem gum pada kelompok P3 dan P4 menunjukkan hasil kadar SGOT dalam interval kadar yang normal dengan kadar normal yang berkisar di 94,06±18,15 IU/L.…”