Purification and antioxidant and anti‐Inflammatory activity of extracellular polysaccharopeptide from sanghuang mushroom, Sanghuangporus lonicericola

Abstract

BACKGROUNDSanghuang mushrooms are medicinal fungi widely used in eastern Asia. In this study, the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity of a novel extracellular polysaccharopeptide, sanghuang extracellular polysaccharopeptide (SePSP) was investigated. The SePSP was purified from the submerged fermentation broth of a sanghuang mycelium, Sanghuangporus lonicericola strain CBS17, which was isolated from a wild sanghuang fruiting body.RESULTSThe SePSP was extracted using an ethanol precipitation procedure, followed by diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) anion‐exchange and size‐exclusion chromatography. The mass ratio of the polysaccharide and peptide components in the purified SePSP was approximately 4.87:1. By determining its free radical scavenging abilities using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the hydroxyl free radical, and the superoxide anion free radical, as well as its total reducing power, SePSP was shown to have strong concentration‐dependent antioxidant activity in vitro. Further, SePSP effectively alleviated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Administration of 200 mg kg−1 SePSP by gavage for 7 days prevented body weight loss; significantly reduced the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF‐α and IL‐1β; increased mRNA level of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 in the colon, and decreased the malondialdehyde concentration from 6.42 to 4.82 μmol L−1 in the blood in UC mice.CONCLUSIONThe SePSP had strong concentration‐dependent antioxidant activity in vitro and effectively alleviated DSS‐induced UC in mice. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy in DSS‐induced UC may be mediated by modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting oxidative stress. The findings provide a scientific rationale for the use of bioactive nutraceuticals from sanghuang mushrooms to develop functional foods for the prevention and treatment of UC. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

Current advances and potential trends of the polysaccharides derived from medicinal mushrooms sanghuang

“…People are urgent to find more alternative active ingredients in our daily food and health care products, and sanghuang polysaccharides are in line with this (Aida et al, 2009 ; Yang M. Y. et al, 2019 ; Li N. Y. et al, 2021 ; Martinez-Medina et al, 2021 ; Yadav and Negi, 2021 ). Innumerable works, in vitro and in vivo , have been implemented to substantiate that the sanghuang polysaccharides have multiple biological activities and health benefits, such as antioxidant and anti-aging (Wang et al, 2014a ; Yuan et al, 2018 ; Zuo et al, 2021 ), anti-tumor and immunomodulatory (Chen et al, 2011 ; Liu et al, 2018 ; Wan et al, 2020 ), anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive (Li et al, 2015 ; Wang et al, 2019 ; Sun et al, 2021 ), anti-diabetic (Kim et al, 2010 ; Wu et al, 2016 ; Khursheed et al, 2020 ), anti-microbial (Lee S. M. et al, 2010 ; Reis et al, 2014 ), anti-fatigue (Zhong, 2020 ), hepatoprotective (Liu et al, 2019b ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Chen C. et al, 2020 ), neuroprotective (Liu Y. H. et al, 2015 ; Yang P. et al, 2019 ) activities, etc. Even though the bioactivities of sanghuang polysaccharides are intensively mined, scientific research focusing on deciphering the structure-bioactivity relationships and underlying mechanisms is still relatively insufficient.…”

“…Ma et al ( 2019 ) disclosed that a polysaccharide from the S. sanghuang broth reinforced the immune organ efficacy and mitigated the histopathological hepatic lesions and apoptosis in hepatocytes of the D -Gal-aged mice in a dose-dependent behavior. Sanghuang-derived polysaccharides are capable of attenuating inflammation and pushing tissue healing by downregulating the phosphorylation level of STAT-1 and the expression level of STAT-1 targeted genes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12 in an LPS-induced macrophage RAW264.7 model (Xie et al, 2019 ; Sun et al, 2021 ; Zuo et al, 2021 ). Their anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects originate from blocking and inhibiting the activation of MAPK and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathways (Hu et al, 2018 ; Yin et al, 2021 ).…”

In vitro assessment of multipotential therapeutic importance of Hericium erinaceus mushroom extracts using different solvents

“…Table (3) showed low anti-in ammatory activity of H. erinaceus extracts, in which the percentage of protein inhibition ranged from 0-6.55% against 68.47% as an inhibition percentage of the positive control (sodium diclofenac). In contrast, several mushroom species have been studied for anti-in ammatory activity [57]. Also, Hericium erinaceus mycelium could act as an anti-in ammatory agent to bring about neuro protection, including the prevention of ischemic injury to neurons [58].…”

Uncovering Prospective Role and Applications of Existing and New Nutraceuticals from Bacterial, Fungal, Algal and Cyanobacterial, and Plant Sources

“…Apart from polysaccharides such as beta-glucans, other macromolecules found in fungi also contribute to the advantages of fungi as a source for nutraceutical products [74]. Extracellular polysaccharopeptides from Sanghuang mushrooms in Eastern Asia showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in inhibiting ulcerative colitis (UC) when tested in mice, possessing the potential to be developed as nutraceuticals or incorporated in functional food development [75].…”