Pure, White and Deadly… Expensive: A Bitter Sweetness in Health Care Expenditure

Castro, Vı́tor

doi:10.1002/hec.3462

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…In other words, our results show that the impact of dlFemalelfp on the HCE growth also relates to the conditional distribution of dlPHE. Theoretically, a given percentage increase in female labor force participation rate is expected to grow HCE (Gerdtham et al ; Castro, ). Castro () found a significantly negative effect of female labor force participation rate on the health‐care spending growth for OECD countries and a significantly positive effect of it for non‐OECD countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretically, a given percentage increase in female labor force participation rate is expected to grow HCE (Gerdtham et al ; Castro, ). Castro () found a significantly negative effect of female labor force participation rate on the health‐care spending growth for OECD countries and a significantly positive effect of it for non‐OECD countries. In some ways, the findings of Castro () support our results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Castro () found a significantly negative effect of female labor force participation rate on the health‐care spending growth for OECD countries and a significantly positive effect of it for non‐OECD countries. In some ways, the findings of Castro () support our results. As, like in the convergence models, countries with lower initial conditions have a tendency to grow faster, hence, the growth rate of health spending in those countries is more likely to be located at the right end of the conditional distribution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a few studies have used the Baumol variable as another explanatory variable in the regression and have found it to have a significant effect on health spending. And a fresh look at health spending has found that an increase in sugar availability can lead to a significant rise in the growth rate of the HCE per capita (Castro, ). However, the most noteworthy finding in the existing literature on health expenditure is that, except for the income variable and Baumol variable, none of the factors that have been found to influence the HCE have conclusive influences; see the results in Table .…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To meet our aims, we use a balanced panel of data from 28 OECD countries over the period of 1990–2012 and apply a quantile regression method for panel data with fixed effects. Moreover, recent studies have found that HCE in a given year is conditioned on the previous year, indicating the existence of an “anchorage effect” (“expenditure inertia”; see, e.g., Okunade & Suraratdecha, ; Lago‐Peñas, Cantarero‐Prieto, & Blázquez‐Fernández, ; Blazquez‐Fernandez, Cantarero, & Perez, ; Castro, ). We capture this kind of effect by including the lagged dependent variable in our models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A quantile regression approach to panel data analysis of health‐care expenditure in Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries

2018

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This paper investigates the variation in the effects of various determinants on the per capita health-care expenditure. A total of 28 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries are studied over the period 1990-2012, employing an instrumental variable quantile regression method for a dynamic panel model with fixed effects. The results show that the determinants of per capita health-care expenditure growth, involving the growth of lagged health spending, of per capita gross domestic product (GDP), of physician density, of elderly population, of life expectancy, of urbanization, and of female labor force participation, do vary with the conditional distribution of the health-care expenditure growth, while the changing patterns are dissimilar. Moreover, we show that Baumol's model of "unbalanced growth" has a significantly positive effect on per capita health spending growth, and its effect is quite stable over the entire distribution. However, the correlation between the components (wage growth and labor productivity growth) of the "Baumol variable" and health expenditure growth is more varied. As a comparison, only the growth of lagged health spending, per capita GDP, and the Baumol variable (or its components) are found related to health spending growth in conditional mean regressions. The prediction results were also quite different between the quantile regression dynamic panel instrumental variable models and linear panel data models. More attention needs to be paid to the varying influence of determinants in health expenditure study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A quantile regression approach to panel data analysis of health‐care expenditure in Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries

2018

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Estimating health care costs at scale in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Mathematical notations and frameworks for the application of cost functions

et al. 2023

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Appropriate costing and economic modeling are major factors for the successful scale‐up of health interventions. Various cost functions are currently being used to estimate costs of health interventions at scale in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) potentially resulting in disparate cost projections. The aim of this study is to gain understanding of current methods used and provide guidance to inform the use of cost functions that is fit for purpose. We reviewed seven databases covering the economic and global health literature to identify studies reporting a quantitative analysis of costs informing the projected scale‐up of a health intervention in LMICs between 2003 and 2019. Of the 8725 articles identified, 40 met the inclusion criteria. We classified studies according to the type of cost functions applied—accounting or econometric—and described the intended use of cost projections. Based on these findings, we developed new mathematical notations and cost function frameworks for the analysis of healthcare costs at scale in LMICs setting. These notations estimate variable returns to scale in cost projection methods, which is currently ignored in most studies. The frameworks help to balance simplicity versus accuracy and increase the overall transparency in reporting of methods.

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Brown sugar, how come you taste so good? The impact of a soda tax on prices and consumption

Gonçalves

Santos

2020

Social Science & Medicine

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Increasing obesity-related problems and rising healthcare expenditures have led governments in developed countries to consider the introduction of soda taxes. We study a recent such tax, implemented in Portugal, using extremely detailed panel data from one of the two largest retailers in the country, covering the period between February 2015 and January 2018. We take advantage of the tax breakdown by sugar levels to examine how soda prices and quantities purchased reacted. For identification, we rely on difference-indifferences models with various vectors of fixed effects, comparing each group of products to water. For drinks with more than 80 grams of sugar per liter, results indicate almost full price pass-through to the consumer. For drinks with less than 80 grams of sugar per liter, price pass-through surpassed 100%. Regarding consumption, our findings suggest stockpiling behavior in the quarter when the tax was approved and before it was actually implemented. In the implementation period, there are no significant changes in quantities purchased for most beverages vis-à-vis water, with the exception of soda drinks with comparatively low levels of sugar. This suggests that benefits of the soda tax in terms of reducing sugar intake are mainly due to reformulation, as producers reduced the sugar content of some drinks to fall below the 80 grams per liter threshold.

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Pure, White and Deadly… Expensive: A Bitter Sweetness in Health Care Expenditure

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

A quantile regression approach to panel data analysis of health‐care expenditure in Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries

A quantile regression approach to panel data analysis of health‐care expenditure in Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries

Estimating health care costs at scale in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Mathematical notations and frameworks for the application of cost functions

Brown sugar, how come you taste so good? The impact of a soda tax on prices and consumption

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