Punjabi (Lyallpuri variety)

Hussain, Qandeel; Proctor, Michael; Harvey, Mark; Demuth, Katherine

doi:10.1017/s0025100319000021

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The effect of voiced (un)aspirated stops has been widely acknowledged in the tonogenesis literature (Hombert et al 1979;Ratliff 2015) but frication can also play a key role. For example, glottal fricative /h/ in Punjabi led to the emergence of high tone (Urdu /kehna/ vs. Punjabi /kéna/ 'say'; Hussain 2020;Hussain et al 2019). Voiceless aspirated stops involve two acoustic/articulatory events: stop closure + aspiration/frication of /h/.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears that breathiness caused by the aspiration of the word-initial consonants (as noted in Shina) may be the first step in the development of contrastive tones and/or phonation. Languages may transfer the aspiration feature to the following vowels and may either develop phonemic tones (Punjabi: Hussain et al 2019), breathy vowels (Gujarati: Esposito and Khan 2012), or both (Western Kammu varieties: Kingston 2011). Dardic languages perhaps belong to the type (a) languages discussed by .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamental Frequency and Phonation Differences in the Production of Stop Laryngeal Contrasts of Endangered Shina

Hussain

2021

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Shina is an endangered Indo-Aryan (Dardic) language spoken in Gilgit, Northern Pakistan. The present study investigates the acoustic correlates of Shina’s three-way stop laryngeal contrast across five places of articulation. A wide range of acoustic correlates were measured including fundamental frequency (F0), spectral tilt (H1*-H2*, H1*-A1*, H1*-A2*, and H1*-A3*), and cepstral peak prominence (CPP). Voiceless aspirated stops were characterized by higher fundamental frequency, spectral tilt, and cepstral peak prominence, compared to voiceless unaspirated and voiced unaspirated stops. These results suggest that Shina is among those languages which have a raising effect of aspiration on the pitch and spectral tilt onsets of the following vowels. Positive correlations among fundamental frequency, spectral tilt, and cepstral peak prominence were observed. The findings of this study will contribute to the phonetic documentation of endangered Dardic languages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Frequency and Phonation Differences in the Production of Stop Laryngeal Contrasts of Endangered Shina

Hussain

2021

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“…In this paper, we examine the general similarity and difference in the production of retroflex and dental stops and nasals in Standard Punjabi. All four consonants /ʈ, ɳ, t, n/ are phonemically contrastive in the standard variety [12,13,14,15]. Retroflex stops occur word-initially, medially, and finally, while retroflex nasals occur medially and finally, but not initially (with dental stops and nasals occurring in all three contexts).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Retroflex-dental Contrast in Punjabi Stops and Nasals: A Principal Component Analysis of Ultrasound Images

Kochetov

Faytak²,

Nara³

2018

Interspeech 2018

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Many languages of South Asia show a phonemic contrast between retroflexes and dentals across different manners of articulation. This contrast, however, tends to be less phonetically distinct and more variable in nasals. The goal of this paper is to examine the overall similarity of the retroflex-dental contrasts in Punjabi stops and nasals. Ultrasound tongue imaging recordings were obtained from 14 Punjabi speakers producing /ʈ,ɳ,t,n/ in the /ba_ab/ nonsense word context. Selected video frames were fed to a principal component analysis (PCA); the output was used for (1) training a linear discriminant model on one manner that discriminates place and (2) testing it on the other manner. The results showed 100% correct classification of the contrast (retroflex or dental) in stops and 92% correct classification in nasals in the training data. The classification was much poorer across different manners: on average 67% of stops and 57% of nasals were classified correctly based on training sets with nasals or stops, respectively. In both cases, retroflex responses were more common. These results suggest that the tongue configurations for Punjabi retroflex and dental consonants differ by manner of articulation. The contrast is also overall less robust in nasals than in stops, confirming previous reports.

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Hydrogeochemistry, sources, enrichment mechanism and human health risk assessment of groundwater fluoride in Saboba District in the Oti sub-basin of the Volta River Basin, northern Ghana

Sunkari,

Hudu,

Fosu

et al. 2024

Groundwater for Sustainable Development

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Punjabi (Lyallpuri variety)

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Fundamental Frequency and Phonation Differences in the Production of Stop Laryngeal Contrasts of Endangered Shina

Fundamental Frequency and Phonation Differences in the Production of Stop Laryngeal Contrasts of Endangered Shina

The Retroflex-dental Contrast in Punjabi Stops and Nasals: A Principal Component Analysis of Ultrasound Images

Hydrogeochemistry, sources, enrichment mechanism and human health risk assessment of groundwater fluoride in Saboba District in the Oti sub-basin of the Volta River Basin, northern Ghana

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