Punicic acid was metabolised and incorporated in the form of conjugated linoleic acid in different rat tissues

Melo, Illana Louise Pereira de; Silva, Ana Mara de Oliveira e; Yoshime, Luciana Tedesco; Sattler, J.; Carvalho, Eduardo Elias Vieira de; Mancini‐Filho, Jorge

doi:10.1080/09637486.2018.1519528

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…We have shown in this work that administration of Nano-PSO, a Nano-formulation of PSO previously shown to delay disease progression in a genetic model of CJD as well as in EAE 40 , resulted in incorporation of substantial levels of CLA into the brains of treated mice. These results are in contrast with those obtained for animals treated with PSO, following which, as previously described 17,19 , no PA and only traces of CLA were detected in brains of treated animals. CLA, a metabolite of PA, was also absent from the brains of mice treated with other oils comprising Punicic Acid and even form brains of animals treated directly with CLA 17,18,41 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In a third mode, Nano-PSO was administered continuously for 9 months in the drinking water of the mice, and subsequently their brains were analyzed for PA and CLA. Figure 1 shows that, in accordance with published results 17–19 , no PA and only traces of CLA were detected in the brains of mice treated with PSO, either after 4 h or after 2 weeks of administration. Contrarily, significant CLA levels were detected in the brains of mice treated continuously with Nano-PSO.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…We have shown above that following Nano-PSO administration, CLA, an 18:2 conjugated fatty acid recognized as a calpain inhibitor 20 , accumulates in the brains of Nano-PSO treated mice. This is a unique effect which does not occur following administration of PSO or CLA in their native forms to animals 17–19 . Inhibition of calpain activity is acknowledged today as a potential target in the search of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases since high activity of calpain and the subsequent accumulation of its product, p25, is a feature in diseases such as AD and PD 8,24 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Interestingly, it has been shown previously that administration of PSO, comprising 80–90% Punicic Acid, as well as an oil produced from Trichosanthes kirilowii 16 , comprising 40% Punicic Acid, to rats or mice, resulted in the rapid metabolism of PA into 9c, 11t Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA), while only traces of CLA and no PA were found in brains 17,18 . It has been speculated that the liver could be the main location of the enzymes for the conversion of PA to CLA 17–19 . Concomitantly, CLA was found to be a μ-calpain-specific inhibitor, demonstrating neuroprotective effects following treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with H 2 O 2 and Aβ 1–42 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain targeting of 9c,11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces Aβ and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice

Binyamin

Nitzan

Frid

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Deregulation of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) by binding to the activated calpain product p25, is associated with the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA), a calpain inhibitor, is a metabolite of Punicic Acid (PA), the main component of Pomegranate seed oil (PSO). We have shown recently that long-term administration of Nano-PSO, a nanodroplet formulation of PSO, delays mitochondrial damage and disease advance in a mouse model of genetic Creutzfeldt Jacob disease (CJD). In this project, we first demonstrated that treatment of mice with Nano-PSO, but not with natural PSO, results in the accumulation of CLA in their brains. Next, we tested the cognitive, biochemical and pathological effects of long-term administration of Nano-PSO to 5XFAD mice, modeling for Alzheimer’s disease. We show that Nano-PSO treatment prevented age-related cognitive deterioration and mitochondrial oxidative damage in 5XFAD mice. Also, brains of the Nano-PSO treated mice presented reduced accumulation of Aβ and of p25, a calpain product, and increased expression of COX IV-1, a key mitochondrial enzyme. We conclude that administration of Nano-PSO results in the brain targeting of CLA, and suggest that this treatment may prevent/delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and CJD.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain targeting of 9c,11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces Aβ and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice

Binyamin

Nitzan

Frid

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Lipids are abundant in the brain, and they perform a variety of structural functions such as neurogenesis, signal transduction, neural communication, membrane compartmentalization, synaptic transmission, and regulation of gene expression [70]. Punicic acid (PuA) is metabolized into circulating conjugated linoleic acid CLA via a saturation reaction [71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Punicic Acid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Punicic Acid and Its Role in the Prevention of Neurological Disorders: A Review

Guerra-Vázquez

Martínez-Ávila

Guajardo‐Flores

et al. 2022

Foods

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Millions of people worldwide are affected by neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). NDs are characterized by progressive damage and death of nerve cells accompanied by high levels of inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress conditions. Punicic acid, the main bioactive component of pomegranate (Punica granatum) seed oil, is an omega-5 isomer of conjugated α-linoleic acid that has shown strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects that contributes towards its positive effect against a wide arrange of diseases. Punicic acid decreases oxidative damage and inflammation by increasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. In addition, it can reduce beta-amyloid deposits formation and tau hyperphosphorylation by increasing the expression of GLUT4 protein and the inhibition of calpain hyperactivation. Microencapsulated pomegranate, with high levels of punicic acid, increases antioxidant PON1 activity in HDL. Likewise, encapsulated pomegranate formulations with high levels of punicic acid have shown an increase in the antioxidant PON1 activity in HDL. Because of the limited brain permeability of punicic acid, diverse delivery formulations have been developed to enhance the biological activity of punicic acid in the brain, diminishing neurological disorders symptoms. Punicic acid is an important nutraceutical compound in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease.

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Jacaranda oil administration improves serum biomarkers and bioavailability of bioactive conjugated fatty acids, and alters fatty acid profile of mice tissues

Nieuwenhove

Moyano

Nieuwenhove

et al. 2021

Lipids

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Jacaric acid, a conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) present in jacaranda oil (JO), is considered a potent anticarcinogenic agent. Several studies have focused on its biological effects, but the metabolism once consumed is not clear yet. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of two different daily doses of JO on serum parameters and fatty acid (FA) profile of mice tissues after 4 weeks of feeding. No significant changes on body weight gain, food intake, or tissue weight were determined after 0.7 or 2 ml/kg of JO supplementation compared to control animals. Significantly lower blood low‐density lipoproteins‐cholesterol (20 mg/dl) and glucose (~147–148 mg/dl) levels were detected in both oil‐treated groups compared to control (31.2 and 165 mg/dl, respectively). Moreover, jacaric acid was partially converted into cis9, trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and thus further incorporated into tissues. Liver evidenced the highest total conjugated fatty acid content (1.1%–2.2%), followed by epididymal (0.7%–1.9%) and mesenteric (1.4%–1.8%) fat. Lower saturated and higher unsaturated fatty acid content was detected in both oil‐treated groups compared to control. Our results support the safety of JO and its potential application with a functional or nutraceutical propose, by increasing human CLNA consumption and further availability of CLA.

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Punicic acid was metabolised and incorporated in the form of conjugated linoleic acid in different rat tissues

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Brain targeting of 9c,11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces Aβ and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice

Brain targeting of 9c,11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces Aβ and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice

Punicic Acid and Its Role in the Prevention of Neurological Disorders: A Review

Jacaranda oil administration improves serum biomarkers and bioavailability of bioactive conjugated fatty acids, and alters fatty acid profile of mice tissues

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